1.1INTRODUCTION
Management should be particularly interested in knowing the financial strengths of the firm to make their best use and to be able to spot out the financial weakness of the firm to take suitable corrective actions. Thus, Economic analysis is the starting point for making plans, before using any sophisticated forecasting and budgeting procedures.
The strength and weakness of the firm need to be understood, so that the firm will be at equilibrium through the use of the strengths. To proper advantage and taking corrective actions against any weakness observed or reigned.
Although, emphasis is focused on outsider users such as creditors and owners, management is aware that their performance will be received by these external parties and for other reasons. For example the basic financial statements are used to assess the effectiveness of management in planning and controlling operations as well as for decision-making.
Management also recognizes that the evaluation of past operation as revealed by the analysis of the basic statements, represent a good starting point in future operations and serves as an important means of assessing past performance, and in forecasting and planning future performance.
Published financial statements are properly oriented towards the long – term earning power. Short-term creditors such as major suppliers or banks are usually more interested in the short-term ability of corporations to satisfy its obligations as they fall due.
As regards to union Banks, they use mostly financial ratios to obtain clue as to future performance.
This project has been embarked on mainly to give a general idea on how to make use of financial ratios aids in economic analysis. It also hopes to point out certain deficiencies associated with it and the view pints of different people working with union bank of Nigeria PLC Enugu.
In so doing, this project has been divided into different chapters, each discussing vital point or aspects.
The first chapter centers mainly on the purpose of the study, its objectives, significance and limitations associated with it. It will help to highlight problems relating to the ratios and it’s use.
The next chapter is just a simple discussion on the financial ratios. It is the literature review of this project. It tells us what different authors have said on in relation to this topic and also their points of view on the topic.
Chapter three is a belief narration on how the research of this project has been carried out, the difficulties encountered and the type of facts and sampling, I here based this project on.
The last two chapters on the other hand is pre - detailed analyzed here are datas gotten from union bank of Nigeria PLC, Enugu.
From this, I was able to draw some conclusion and deduced facts which have all been summarize in the last chapter.
Various means have embarked on to make this project possible.
TABLE OF CONTENT
PAGE
Title page I
Certification page ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of content v
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Statement of problem
Objections of study
Research questions
Research hypothesis
Significance of study
Limitation or scope of study
Definition of terms.
CHAPTER TWO
Literature review
A brief overview of Ratio Analysis
Financial analysis – definition
Lending approval
Basic types of financial Ratio
Illustration and interpretation
Significance of Ratios analysis
Limitation of financial Ratios
CHAPTER THREE
Research methodology
Primary data
Secondary data
Sampling method
Methods of data analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
Presentation and analysis of data
Analysis of questionnaire
Analysis of interview
CHAPTER FIVE
Findings, conclusion and recommendations
Findings
Conclusion
Recommendations
Bibliography
Appendix