Challenges That Are Facing Higher Institutions Of Learning In Nambale Division Busia, Busia District, Kenya

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

TITLE PAGE ............................................................................................. .

DECLARATION .......................................................................................... .i

APROVAL. ............................................................................................... .ii

DEDICATION ............................................................................................ iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................................................. iv

TABLE OF CONTENT .................................................................................. V

LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................... viii

LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................... .ix

LIST OF ABREVIATIONS .............................................................................. x

ABSRACT ................................................................................................... .ix~

CHAPTER ONE

PAGE

1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... !

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ................................................................ .l

1.2 THE STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ........................................................ 2

1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY ....................................................................... 3

1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY .................................................................. 3

1.5 RESEARCH QUESTIONS ......................................................................... 3

1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY ........................................................................... 3

1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY ............................................................... 3

CHAPTER TWO

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.0INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 4

2.1 CHALLENGES FACING HIGHER INSTITUTION OF LEARNING ....................... 4

2.1.1 INADEQUETE FINACE .................................................................................................. 4

2. l.2RESEARCH WORK .......................................................................................................... 4

2.l.3ADMINISTRATION ......................................................................................................... 4

2.1.4 ADMISSION ..................................................................................................................... 5

2.1.5 EXAMINATION SYSTEM .............................................................................................. 5

2.1.6 STUDENT UNREST, STRIKES AND VIOLENCE ...................................................... 5

V

2.1.7 GORVERMENT INTERFERENCE IN INTERNAL MATTERS ................................... 5

2.1.8 SHORTAGE OF PERSONNEL. ...................................................................................... 5

2. l .9PRACTICAL FIELD WORK AND LABORA TORIES ................................................... 6

2.2.0 DURATION OF DEGREE COURSES ............................................................................ 6

2.2.lCOURSES OF STUDY ..................................................................................................... 6

2.2.2 SYSTEM OF EDUCATION ............................................................................................. 6

2.2.3 MEDIUM OF INSTRUCTION ....................................................................................... 6

2.2.4 AFFILIATED COLLEGE ................................................................................................ 6

2.2.5 CHALLENGES OF HIV/AIDS ........................................................................................ 7

2.2.6MORAL CHALLENGES .................................................................................................. 7

CHAPTER THREE

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 8

3.1 RESEARCHDESIGN ............................................................................ 8

3.2 AREA AND POPULATION OF STUDY ....................................................... 8

3.3 SAMPLE SIZE AND SELECTION TECHNIQUES ........................................... 8

3.4 INSTRUMENTS AND METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION ................. : ............. 8

3.5 PROCEDURE OF DATA COLLECTION ....................................................... 8

3.6 DATA ANALYSIS ................................................................................. 8

3.7 LIMITATIONS TO THE STUDY ................................................................ 9

CHAPTER FOUR

PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

4.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 10

4. lBACKGROUND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE RESPONDENTS ....................... .10

4.1.1 AGE OF RESPONDENTS ...................................................................... .10

4.1.2 SEX AND MARITAL STATUS OF RESPONDENTS ...................................... 11

4.1.3 EDUCATIONAL LEVEL OF RESPONDENTS ............................................. 11

4.1.4 SURVEYED HIGHER INSTITUTION OF LEARNING ................................... .11

4.1.5 THE POPULATION OF THE SURVEYED INSTITUTION ............................... 12

4.1.6 PERFORMANCE OF LECTURERS ........................................................... 12

vi

4.1.7 ACADEMIC FACILITIES ....................................................................... 13

4.1.8 LECTURE ROOMS AND RESIDENTIAL HALLS ......................................... 13

4.1.9 PERFORMANCE OF THE PRODUCTS IN THE FIELD .................................. 13

4.2 CHALLENGES FACING SURVEYED INSTITUTIONS OF LEARNING ............... 14

4.3 ASSESSMENT OF THE POLICIES THAT HA VE BEEN PUT IN

PLACE TO ADDRES THE CHALLENGES ......................................................... 15

4.4 ASSESSMENT OF THE FREEDOM OF ADMINISTRATION ............................. 15

4.5 HOW INADEQUATE FINANCE AFFECT HIGHER

INSTITUTION OF LEARNING .................................................................. 16

CHAPTER FIVE

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 18

5.lSUMMARY OF FINDINGS ........................................................................ .18

5.2 CONCLUSION ..................................................................................... .19

5.3 RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................... 19

5.4 AREAS FOR FURTHER STUDY ............................................................... .20

REFECENCES ........................................................................................... 21

APPENDICES

APPENDIX A: INTRODUCTON LETTER ....................................................... 23

APPENDIX B: STUDENTS QUESTIONNAIRE ................................................. 24

APPENDIX C: DEANS/LECTUER QUESTIONNAIRE ......................................... 25

APPENDIX D: PICTURES ........................................................................... 27

ABSTRACT

The research was about the challenges that are facing higher institutions of learning in

Nambale division Busia district -Kenya. The study took place in Sherman university of

Africa, ,Nambale Teachers Training College, Saint Aquinas Diploma Teachers College and

Busia Teachers College. Deliberate sampling was used to identify two hundred and forty

respondents for the study. The participants were deans ,lecturers and students. These were

male and female age between twenty and sixty nine. Some were married and other were

single.

The results of study indicated financial constraint as a major challenge. Other challenges

include research work not being full developed, inadequate personnel, physical

infrastructure, student unrest, examination system defect curriculum and admission criteria.

The research also indicated that private institutions enjoy some fi·eedom of exercise but

public institutions' autonomy is more imagined than real. The findings established that

higher institution of learning failure to improve and expand physical infrastructure,

attracting and retaining qualified academic staff and facilitating research is mainly due to

inadequate finance. The results indicate that the policies that were employed played a minimal role in addressing the challenges. Recommendation given include , the need for institution to venture into income generating projects, exploring inter -institution collaboration in pooling resources to facilitate research and research findings be disseminated broadly, sharing of young professionals among various institution and employing of seasoned personnel, granting great autonomy in management reforming examination system ,improving and expanding academic facilities, and removing the shortcomings and defects of in educational programs.