Design And Fabrication Of A Computer-Based Fingerprint Security System For Restricted Access Control

ABSTRACT

The access to a restricted area within a premise is normally done through a manual system of keys and locks. This has been automated through the use of personal identification number (PIN) or passwords and smartcard technology. However, such systems are faced with a number of limitations such as losing a smartcard, forgetting a PIN, duplication of keys and impersonation. Thus, the use of an authentication system such as biometric verification techniques has become an effective alternative for access control. Biometric systems for access control currently in the market are expensive thus restricting their wide usage. This is because they are available as embedded units made of high cost sensors and hardware. In this research study, a prototype of a computer-based fingerprint door access control is designed and presented. It consists of the SM630 fingerprint verification module and a relay-operated electromagnetic lock. The system performs training and verification using a LabVIEW application program. After verification of an authorised user, the result is passed onto the lock unit to grant physical access to a restricted area. For an imposter, the system rejects access. It then captures an imposter image and stores it thus enhancing security analysis. The system is finally tested by performing training and verification. Training is done by enrolling subjects and storing their fingerprint templates in a library. Verification, on the other hand, is done by testing fingerprint inputs from both authorised and imposter subjects. With the help of the LabVIEW front panel resource, enrolling a subject takes a maximum of 11 seconds while verification process 2 seconds to give the feedback. Parameters such as false rejection rate (FRR) and false acceptance rate (FAR) are computed.