Abstract/Overview Tobacco smoking is a major health concern among healthcare professionals globally; it kills and sickens millions of people annually. In the US and UK, tobacco is responsible for about one in five and one in eight deaths annually respectively. It is projected that about 10 million people would die annually by 2030 since tobacco related diseases take time to become evident. A global commitment by World Health Organization to reversing the tobacco epidemic was done in 2003 by ...
Abstract/Overview The legalization of betting in Kenya has resulted in widespread availability of betting in the society compared to when gambling was exclusive to casinos and clubs. A poll carried out in six African countries established that sports betting prevalence was highest among Kenyan youth, at 76%, notably among university students, with regrettable consequences. Despite being a social activity, inadequate studies had explicitly examined the social contexts of sports betting among ...
Abstract/Overview Youth unemployment is a global challenge. According to Kenya National Human Development (KNHD) report of 2009, unemployment in Kenya stood at 23%. The youth form two - thirds of the total labour force in the country yet the majority (61 %) is unemployed. The youth in Rarieda district number approximately 41,443 while the rate of unemployment is about 17% above the national rate. The Youth Enterprise Development Fund (YEDF) is one of the interventions that the government has...
Abstract/Overview Millions of girls in Sub-Saharan Afri:a are disernpowered by the simple biological process of menstruation. Affordable an ! hygienic sanitary protection is not available to adolescent girls in many areas. Intr duction of reusable sanitary towel aimed at enhancing economic and environment sustainability has still not been fully utilized because of lower acceptability. In the MVP Sauri intervention programme on the adoption of re-usable sanitary towels, it was noted that mens...
Abstract/Overview The provision of safe water and sanitation in schools is fundamental to realizing national commitments on "basic education for all" by the year 2015. Children with poor health have deprived learning ability and this influences their prospects in life. A study by Protos (2005), for instance, shows that children with worm infections have higher school absenteeism than noninfected children. Ideally, this means that children with worm infections spend less time in school and ar...
Abstract/Overview Recidivism is a global phenomenon that afflicts all societies and cultures. Despite the fact that prisoners are expected to reform after serving sentences, the number of recidivists continues to rise. In Kenya, the rate of recidivism has greatly increased over the last decade despite efforts by government and the prison departments to work with and rehabilitate the prisoners while in custody serving sentence. Nearly two thirds of prisoners in Kenya re-offend within two year...
Abstract/Overview Child participation is a human right framework demonstrating that many different provisions in the conventions on the rights of the child which reject the punitive treatment of children explicitly promote the child's human dignity, physical and mental integrity, free expression influence in decision making in their wellbeing. Soapstone mining and carving at Tabaka Division has been ongoing since 1895. The bedrock of the soapstone spreads across at 25 square kilometer area. ...
Abstract/Overview Gender disparity is a general global and regional concern. Locally, nearly 80% of Kenya's population depends on agriculture for its livelihood. However, agricultural production has been declining due to constraints such as gender participation in crop production leading to poverty and food insecurity in the country. Generally gender mainstreaming is essential for increased food production. Most studies have attributed food insecurity to physical, economic, technological and...
Abstract/Overview Child participation is both an act and process that allow children to engage in issues that concem their wellbeing and the welfare of society at large. Children have an understanding and perception of their circumstances, and their actions would be determined by prevailing situations. Drought situation is a recurrent phenomenon whose onset and end are often difficult to determine, just as its severity, Its effects and associated pressures disrupt the functioning of a societ...
Abstract/Overview Kenya's development record and its demographic composition suggest a need for active involvement of women in key decision-making bodies. According to Engendering the Political Process Program (EPPP), the recent survey in Kenya has revealed that women constitute majority of voters. However, their level of participation in electoral politics stands at 15% in Kenya. Kenyan women do not fully participate on elective leadership positions, despite the new constitution providing a...
Abstract/Overview The Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI) was established in 1974 to ensure that all children in all countries benefited from a universal access to life-saving vaccines. The diseases targeted by the EPI are diphtheria, whooping cough, tetanus, measles, poliomyelitis, tuberculosis, hepatitis B, Haemophilus influenza type b and pneumonia. These diseases are among the leading causes of high childhood morbidity and mortality in Kenya and they remain a major public health pro...
Abstract/Overview Language is the chief means by which human personality expresses itself and fulfills its social interaction with other people. Good language usage, appreciation and development are important for social interaction, functional literacy and in the work place. With the increasing population and rapid development of science and technology, literature on various cultures and nationalities, are the finding that the social environment affects Kiswahili performance. A predominant t...
Abstract/Overview Community Based Organizations (CBOs) refer to private non-profit organizations, existing as a group in a particular community with the feelings of sharing, belonging and joint use of resources in order to achieve a particular objective. CBOs playa very critical role in filling the gaps faced by the Government in its endeavor to provide critical services to the community. There is still no clear information on the role of CBOs and the nature of their activities and how those...
Abstract/Overview Small Scale Businesses (SSB) play key roles in socio-economic development. Over the past decades, women participation in SSB has been limited by lack of financial support, knowledge and skills. Since 2006, the government of Kenya has put emphasis on the informal sector with special regard to women participation in SSB by creating a sustainable Kenya-based loan provision (The Youth and Women Enterprise Fund) for women to get trainings, access loans and banking services. Desp...
Abstract/Overview Globally, the debate about inclusive education is on and the society is trying to find ways of meaningfully including the physically disabled students into the regular education system. Despite the fact that Bondo District has made remarkable achievements with regard to inclusion of the physically disabled students at primary school level, the degree of inclusion at secondary school level is unknown. The study therefore explored the degree of inclusion of physically disable...