ABSTRACT Long Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLINs) are the most sustainable and effective malaria control tool currently available. Global targets are for ≥80% of the population living in malaria endemic areas to have access to and use a LLIN. However, current access to LLINs in endemic areas is 56% due to system inefficiencies and budget limitations. Thus, cost-effective approaches to maximize access of effective LLINs in endemic areas are required. This study evaluated whether LLINs that ha...
ABSTRACT Background: It is widely accepted that community-based interventions are vital strategies towards reduction of maternal and neonatal mortalities in developing countries. This study has aimed at finding the effectiveness of a Community-Based Continuous Training (CBCT) project, on improving birth preparedness, male involvement and maternal services utilization in rural Tanzania. Method: The quasi-experimental study design with control was adopted to determine the effectiveness of CBCT...
ABSTRACT Over the recent years, sexual activities among students in Secondary Schools in Nigeria, particularly those in urban areas, are thought to be high and increasing# The resultant unwanted pregnancies and illegal abortions among these young unmarried population are creating social and health problems (Nichols, et al, 1986). According to previous research findings, included in the causative factors responsible for this unfortunate situation, cure the problems of poor knowledge of Family ...
Hypertension is a multifactorial disorder because of the interaction of risk genes and environmental factors. Angiotensin II is a well-known vasoconstrictor that exerts most of its influence through the angiotensin Il type 1 receptor. The A1166C polymorphism is a single base substitution of adenine for cytosine at position 1i66 in the 3 untranslated region of the gene. There are conflicting reports on the association of the Al166C polymorphism with cardiovascular diseases such as prevalent hy...
ABSTRACT Adolescent pregnancy is an important public health problem on the increase in Nigeria. Few studies have investigated the circumstances and factors associated with parental decisions taken following an adolescent pregnancy, in spite of the implications of these on the adolescent. This study was designed to assess factors influencing parents‟/guardians‟ decisions on adolescent pregnancy. A mixed method study involving the use of Key Informant Interviews (KII) and semi-structure...
Abstract Background: The epidemic of HIV continues to grow in Nigeria. Personnel in the military are at increased risk of HIV infection. Although HIV-risk related sexual behavior of Nigerian police officers has been studied, little is known about the sexual behavior of their counterparts in the Navy. This study describes knowledge of AIDS, and HIV-risk sexual behavior of naval personnel in Lagos Nigeria. Methods: Four hundred and eighty personnel of the Nigerian Navy completed a 70-item ques...
Abstract Malaria and HIV co-infected mothers have an increased risk of poor birth outcome, spontaneous abortion, malaria infection and early progression of HIV to AIDS. This study examines the impact of HIV and malaria on the levels of cytokines in peripheral blood from mothers and their newborns. 149 pregnant mothers and 30 babies born to 63 HIV-infected mothers were engaged in a longitudinal study for 18 months in the endemic area of Saki and Ibadan. Blood samples collected from mothers an...
ABSTRACT The elderly (people aged 65years and above) constitute over 3% of the Nigerian population. The increasing number and vulnerability to numerous geriatric health and social problems associated with this age group make their well-being and Quality Of Life (QOL) an important issue. However, few studies exist on social support and the different aspects of QOL among the elderly in Nigeria. This study was therefore designed to explore the perceived QOL and social support received by the el...
Abstract The role of sexual attitude and sexual risk-behavior in the perception of HIV vulnerability and differences among youths with disability and able-bodied youths was investigated. The cross-sectional survey included purposively selected youths with visual, hearing and physical impairments (n = 181) and able-bodied youths (n = 181 as a comparison group) with a mean age of 23.75 years in public institutions. Data was gathered with the use of a 44-item questionnaire which included a Brai...
Abstract Developmental milestones are generally understood to be milestones of neurological development such as neck control, sitting without support, crawling and standing. Child health care providers routinely use normative data on such milestones to evaluate child development. However, there is often a cultural context to expectations of developmental milestones. The goal of this research is to explore the socio-cultural context of developmental milestones in infancy in a Nigerian commu...
ABSTRACT Sexual Harassment (SH) which covers a continuum of behavioural patterns ranging from unwanted verbal advances to physical assault constitutes a major reproductive health concern worldwide. In Nigeria, studies have shown that students in institutions of higher learning are vulnerable to SH. However, its prevalence among student nurses has not been adequately explored. This study therefore determined the prevalence of SH among students of School of Nursing, University College Hospital...
Abstract The tension between the increasing cost of healthcare provision and the need to provide a quality level of care to a rising number of people is a global phenomenon. A focus on one over the other could result in a rise in adverse patient outcomes, or a health system too costly to be sustainable. Clinical governance is an approach policymakers can use to walk the middle line of creating a healthcare service that meets quality of care standards in a cost-effective manner, as has been d...
ABSTRACT This quasi-experimental study compared the relative efficacy of teacher instructions alone, peer education alone, and a combination of these two on reproductive health knowledge, attitude, perceived self-efficacy and sexual practices among secondary schools students in the lbarapa district of Southwestern Nigeria. 1 baseline questionnaire was administered to a systematic sample of students ill four schools that were randomized into four rrearment arms: teacher instructions alone (E'l...
ABSTRACT Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is the predominant form of human diabetes. It is worldwide increasing rapidly. In Tanzania, over 1.7 million people have diabetes, about 1.3 million live undiagnosed and prevalence is higher in urban than rural areas. The goal of this study was to determine the prevalence of T2DM and associated risk factors among Local Government Authority workers at Bariadi Town Council, Tanzania. A cross-sectional study approach was applied, five clusters of study units w...
ABSTRACT Fresh fruit juices are essential components of human diet and there is considerable evidence of health and nutritional benefits associated with their consumption. However, during processing contamination from raw materials, equipment or food handlers could be easily transferred to the final product of the juices resulting to food-borne illness. A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess bacterial quality and associated handling practices of unpasteurised fruit juices vended in ...