Hyperglycaemia And Associated Risk Factors Among Formal Sector Employees In Dodoma City Council- Tanzania: A Cross Sectional Study

ABSTRACT

Background: Hyperglycemia is an important finding used for diagnosis of Diabetes mellitus which is a most common chronic and lifelong diseases in nearly all countries. Prevalence of persistent hyperglycemia is increasing at an epidemic rate in many parts of the world estimated to be 7.7% by 2030. Changing lifestyles has been contributed much on the rapid increase of the problem. The goal of this study was to assess the prevalence of hyperglycemia and risk factors among formal sector employees in Dodoma city council. Method: Community based cross-sectional study was conducted among formal sector employee from both public and private institutions in Dodoma city council. The sample size of 392 participants from different offices was used. Simple random sampling technique was used to get both number of the institution and participants. Hyperglycemia was defined as random blood glucose of ≥ 11. 1mmol/l. Physical activity and quality of diet was measured by the WHO standard questionnaire and UK Diabetes and Dietary Questionnaire (UKDDQ) respectively. Logistic regression model was fitted to identify the factors associated with hyperglycemia. Results: The overall prevalence of hyperglycemia was found to be 5.6% (22/392). It was found to be higher among males compared to females [7.3% vs 3%]. The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 44.9% more in females [70.3%vs.31.1%] than males. Prevalence of hyperglycemia was significantly associated with increased age [AOR=1.167, CI: 0.247-2.804], alcohol use [AOR=1.373, CI: 0.645 - 2.922] and general obesity [AOR=2.839, CI: 0.954-3.195]. Conclusion: The study revealed high prevalence of hyperglycemia among formal sector employee in Dodoma city. Age, obesity and life style characteristics of the participants were associated with increased risk of developing hyperglycemia. Life style change should be emphasized so as to reduce the risk of developing persistent hyperglycemia.