Impact of Solid Waste Disposal On Sanitation Standards and Water Sources in Mbale Municipality, Eastern Uganda

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROVAL

DEDICATION

DECLARATION .

Ii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS iv

LIST OF TABLES

LIST OF FIGURES

LIST OF ACRONYMS xi

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE

3.0 INTRODUCTION 1

1.1 Background to the Study 1

I .2 Problem statement 3

1.3 Objectives of study 3

1 .4 Research questions 4

1.5 Purpose of the Study 4

1.6 Scope of Study 4

1.7 Limitations and Delimitations of the Study 5

1.8 Definition of Key Concepts 5

CHAPTER TWO

2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 6

2.1 Types of solid wastes produced 6

2. 1.] Mitnicipal solid waste 6

2.1.2 Hazardous waste 6

2.2 Solid Wastes and Modes of Disposal 7

2.2.1 Land Filling 7

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2.2.2 Incineration .8

2.2.3 Recycling .8

2.2.4 Sustainabilth’.9

2.2.6 Energy recove 9

2.2.7 Resource recovery 10

2.2.8 Avoidance and reduction niethod~c 10

2.3 Solid Wastes on Water Sources io

2.3.1 Solid Waste impacts on Water OualTh 10

2.4 Health impacts of solid waste 11

ChAPTER ThREE

3.0 RESEARCh METhODOLOGY 12

3. 1 Research Design 12

3.2 Population ofthe Study 12

3.3 Sampling Techniques 13

3.4 Sample size 13

3.5 Data collection procedures 13

3.6 Data collection instruments 13

3.6.1 The interview guide 13

3.6.2 Selfadministered questionnaire 14

3.7 Data processing 14

3.8 Data analysis 14

3.9 Limitations of the Study 14

CHAPTER FOUR

4.0 RESULTS, ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIONS 15

4.1 Categories of Respondents 15

4.2 Socio Economic Factors 16

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4.2.] Age ofRespondents .16

4.2.2 Sex of/he respondents .17

4.2.3 Occupation ofResidents 18

4.2.4 Type ofHousing 19

4.2.7 Number ofpeople with central solid waste 20

4.2.8 Types ofsolid waste facilities used 20

4.2.9 Ways ofdz~posmg offwastes 21

4.2.10 Distance between water source and waste /iiciliiy 22

4.3 Causes of poor Solid Wastes 22

4.3.] Lack ofAwareness 22

4.3.2 over Population 23

4.3.4 Low Staffing 24

4.3.5 Lack of Funds 24

4.3.6 Poor Planning ofhouseholds 25

4.4 Challenges Experienced By Key Actors in Wastes 25

4.4.] Inadequate Funds 25

4.4.2 Poyertv 25

4.4.3 Old equipments 25

4.4.4 Poor technology 26

4.4.5 Poor community response 26

4.5 Impact of Solid Waste Disposals 26

4.5.] Poor Health Status 26

4.5.2 Water contamination 27

4.5.3 Other Impacts 27

4.6 Management Strategies 27

VII

4.6.1 Establishment ofcentral collection Sites .27

4.6.2 Fines and taxes /~r waste thimping 27

4.6.3 Increasing the number ofSkips 28

4.6.4 Proper Methods of Disposal 28

4.6.5 Awareness ofMasses 28

4.6.6 Other Management Strategies 28

CHAPTER FIVE

5.0 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 30

5.1 Summary 30

5.2 Conclusions 31

5.3 Recommendation 32

5.4 Areas for further Research 33

APPENDICES 34

APPENDIX 1: QUESTIONNAIRE TO MUNICAL RESIDENTS AND TRADERS 34

APPENDIX 2: INTERVIEW GUIDE (LEADERS AND STAKEHOLDER5) 40

APPENDIX 3: OBSERVATION CHECKLIST (For researcher only) 46

REFERENCES 48