Insecurity and Education Service Delivery in Secondary Schools in Mogadishu Somalia

ABSTRACT 

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between insecurity and education service delivery in secondary schools in Mogadishu. The study objectives were to examine the level of insecurity, to identify the extent of education service delivery and finally to establish the relationship between insecurity and education service delivery in secondary schools in Mogadishu Somalia. The study was conducted from Mogadishu from 3 districts in Mogadishu. Questionnaires were used to collect data from 158 respondents and 30 from this who were administrators were interviewed using the interview guide. The analysis also took into consideration the secondary data that was collected based on the education service delivery and emergencies occurring in Mogadishu. Frequency, mean and standard deviation and Pearson linear correlation was used to analyze the data at 0.05 level of significance. The study employed a quantitative and qualitative research design based on the descriptive research design. The study findings on the Level of insecurity in Mogadishu Somalia reveal that the general situation of insecurity was high with a mean of 2.743. The results regarding the extent of education service delivery in secondary schools in Mogadishu Somalia was found to be low with the mean of 2.299. Results indicated a negative relationship between insecurity and education service delivery in secondary schools in Mogadishu Somalia, the sig value (.001) was far less than 0.05, which is the maximum level of significance, required declaring a significant relationship in social sciences. The study results concluded that the level of insecurity in Mogadishu was high the study conclude that clan politicization, war economy, armed conflicts and religious fundamentalism account for service delivery in the country. The study concludes that there is need for considering the factors mentioned to attain the values for the insecurity. The study on the second objective concludes that the extent of service delivery in education was low coupled with low level of remunerations, infrastructure limited teaching staff and facilities. The study on the third objective conclude that the state of the insecurity has a high bearing on the service delivery of education, the insecurity has had majorly a negative influence on the education service delivery through destruction of infrastructure and creating bottlenecks to the education systems. The study recommends for the need to reduce clan politicization through political negations, there is need for improving the armed conflicts fighting through enhancing the security and training of the local army to counter the terrorist that have caused insecurity in Mogadishu. On the second objective, there is need for the improvement of funds allocation to schools in order to realize value for the education services and finally there is need for increasing on the funding to the schools There is need for education administration to setup investigations in order to realize the value for the management of the institutions. The schools need to improve on education policy especially on the teachers in order to provide realizable value for enhancing services delivery.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION...........................................................................................................i

APPROVAL................................................................................................................ii

DEDICATION ........................................................................................................... iii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..............................................................................................iv

ABSTRACT............................................................................................................. viii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION................................................................................1

1.0 Introduction.....................................................................................................1

1.1 Background of the study...................................................................................1

1.1.1 Historical Perspective.....................................................................................1

1.1.2 Theoretical Perspective ..................................................................................4

1.1.3 Conceptual Perspective..................................................................................5

1.1.4 Contextual Perspective ..................................................................................6

1.2 Statement of the Problem.................................................................................8

1.3 Purpose of the study ........................................................................................9

1.4 Objectives of the study.....................................................................................9

1.5 Research Questions..........................................................................................9

1.6 Null Hypothesis ................................................................................................9

1.7.0 Scope of the study ........................................................................................9

1.7.1 Geographical Scope .......................................................................................9

1.7.2 Content Scope.............................................................................................10

1.8 Significance of the study.................................................................................10

CHAPTER TWO: RELATED LITERATURE ...................................................................13

2.0 Introduction...................................................................................................13

2.1 Theoretical Review.........................................................................................13

2.2 Conceptual framework....................................................................................15

2.3 Related studies ..............................................................................................16

2.3.1 Insecurity ...................................................................................................16

2.4 Education Service Delivery ..............................................................................22

2.5 Relationship between insecurity and education service delivery.........................25

2.5 Research Gaps ...............................................................................................27

CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY ..........................................................................28

3.0 Introduction...................................................................................................28

3.1 Research Design ............................................................................................28

3.2 Target Population...........................................................................................29

3.3 Sample Size ...................................................................................................29

3.4 Sampling Techniques......................................................................................29

3.5 Research Instruments.....................................................................................30

3.5.1 Questionnaires ............................................................................................30

3.5.3 Documentary Review...................................................................................31

3.6 Validity and Reliability of Research Instruments ...............................................31

3.6.1 Validity .......................................................................................................31

3.6.2 Reliability ....................................................................................................32

3.8 Data collection Procedures..............................................................................33

3.8.2 During ........................................................................................................33

3.9 Data Analysis .................................................................................................33

3.9 Ethical Considerations.....................................................................................34

3.10 Limitations of the study ................................................................................35

CHAPTER FOUR: PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION OF DATA..........37

4.0 Introduction...................................................................................................37

4.1 Response Rate ...............................................................................................37

4.2 Demographic traits of respondents ..................................................................38

4.3 Level of insecurity in Mogadishu Somalia .........................................................40

4.3 Extent of education service delivery in Mogadishu Somalia................................45

4.5 Relationship between insecurity and education service delivery in Mogadishu Somalia ..................................................50

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................53

5.0 Introduction...................................................................................................53

5.1 Discussion of the findings ...............................................................................53

5.2 Conclusions....................................................................................................56

5.3 Recommendations..........................................................................................56

5.4 Areas of further study.....................................................................................57

REFERENCES ..........................................................................................................58

Appendix i: Transmittal Letter..................................................................................61

Appendix ii: Letter to the respondents......................................................................64

Appendix iii: Informed Consent................................................................................65

Appendix iv: Questionnaire ......................................................................................66

Appendix v: Interview Guide....................................................................................70

Appendix vi: Table of insurgencies in Mogadishu.......................................................71

Appendix vii: Education service delivery in Mogadishu ...............................................72

Appendix viii: Sample Size determination..................................................................73

Appendix ix: Map of Somalia Showing Mogadishu ....................................................74