Knowledge and Compliance of Ebonyi State University Undergraduates to Voluntary Counselling and Testing for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (Aids)

ABSTRACT Early detection and treatment of infected individuals is an important step in the control of HIV epidemic. Voluntary counselling and testing is a concept developed in this direction. The study was conducted to determine the knowledge and compliance of Ebonyi State University Undergraduates to VCT for HIV/AIDS using a descriptive survey design. The sample consists of 384 full-time undergraduates selected from 3 campuses by simple random sampling. Self structured questionnaire was used to collect data. Data generated were analyzed and presented in frequency tables and percentages, chi-square (X2 ) was used to test the four hypotheses formulated for the study. The findings showed a good level of knowledge of VCT for HIV/AIDS (69.9%) among EBSU students. More knowledge existed among females (36.7%) although not statistically significant. Presco campus students (40.2%) have more knowledge than the other two campuses. All the students claimed to have done HIV test at one time or the other (i.e. did HIV test two times or more at three or six months interval voluntarily) but only 12.1% totally complied to HIV test voluntarily. Half of the respondents (73.4%) did HIV text "by own volition". Confidentiality (78.7%) was the most important factor that would make EBSU undergraduates use VCT services for HIV test. The study noted that the number of students with good level of knowledge of VCT for HIV/AIDS did not reflect in the compliance level. It was recommended that awareness campaign on routine voluntary HIV test and safe behaviour practices to prevent HIV should be intensified to the public at large. Health care providers should ensure enabling environment that will make young people use VCT services for HIV test.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page.............................................................................................. i

Certification page................................................................................. ii

Approval page...................................................................................... iii

Dedication............................................................................................ iv

Acknowledgment.................................................................................. v

Table of Content................................................................................... vi

List of Tables........................................................................................ vii

List of Figures...................................................................................... viii

Abstract................................................................................................ ix

Chapter One: Introduction

Background to the Study....................................................................... 1

Statement of the Problem...................................................................... 5

Purpose of the Study ............................................................................ 6

Specific objectives of the Study............................................................. 6

Significance of the Study....................................................................... 6

Research Hypotheses............................................................................ 7

Scope of the Study................................................................................. 7

Operational Definition of Terms.......................................................... 8

Chapter Two: Literature Review

Mode of Transmission of HIV............................................................... 10

Methods of Preventing HIV Spread...................................................... 11

Concept of Voluntary Counselling and Testing for HIV/AIDS........... 13

Knowledge of VCT............................................................................... 13

Concept of Compliance to VCT............................................................ 14

Factors Affecting Compliance (VCT)................................................... 17

Theoretical Framework.......................................................................... 19

Conceptual Framework of the Study...................................................... 22

Empirical Review................................................................................... 23

Summary of Reviewed Literature...........................................................30

Chapter Three: RESEARCH METHODS

Research Design......................................................................................32

Area of Study..................................................................................... ......32

Population for the Study...........................................................................33

Sample......................................................................................................33

Sampling Procedure..................................................................................34

Instrument for Data Collection.................................................................35

Validation of the Instrument.....................................................................35

Reliability of the Instrument.....................................................................35

Ethical Consideration................................................................................36

Procedure for Data Collection...................................................................36

Method of Data Analysis...........................................................................36

CHAPTER FOUR: ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION OF RESULT

Demographic profile of Respondents........................................................37

Research Question 1..................................................................................38

Research Question 2..................................................................................40

Research Question 3..................................................................................41

Research question 4..................................................................................42

Summary of Findings...............................................................................45

CHAPTER FIVE: DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS

Discussion of Major Findings...................................................................47

Summary and Conclusion.........................................................................50

Suggestion for further studies.......................................................................................50

Limitation of the Study.................................................................................................51

Implication of study…………………………………………………………………...51

Recommendations………………………………………………………. ……………51

References……………………………………………………………………………..53

Questionnaire………………………………………………………………………….57

Appendix I…………………………………………………………………………….63

Appendix II………………………………………………………………………….....64

Appendix III……………………………………………………………………………65

Appendix IV……………………………………………………………………………66

Appendix V…………………………………………………………………………….67

Appendix VI……………………………………………………………………………68