Lipid Peroxidation And Antioxidant Status In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Ghana.

ABSTRACT An imbalance between reactive oxygen species production and antioxidant scavenging has been implicated in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Reports indicate that several complications of diabetes mellitus result from increased activity of free radicals and accumulation of lipid peroxidation products leading to oxidative stress. The study was aimed at evaluating lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status along with lipid profile of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and age- matched healthy subjects. One hundred subjects of type 2 diabetes mellitus without any complications (mean age; 50.25± 5.57 years) and one hundred healthy subjects (mean age; 48.35 ± 6.26 years) were included in this study. Body Mass Index (BMI), systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured. Fasting blood sample was collected for the analysis of fasting plasma glucose, glycated hemoglobin, serum malondialdehyde, and activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and serum lipid profile in both the groups. Compared with control subjects, diabetic subjects had significantly higher Total cholesterol (6.76±1.11 vs 0.94±0.23 mmol/L), triglyceride (1.29±0.34 vs 0.94±0.23 mmol/L), LDL-cholesterol (3.96 ± 1.47 vs 1.46±0.69 mmol/L), serum malondialdehyde significantly increased (4.40±1.96 vs 2.75±1.05 µM) whereas, HDL- cholesterol (1.74±0.46 vs1.46±0.69 mmol/L), and activities of superoxide dismutase (3.80± 1.64 vs 10.39±2.55 U/Ml) and Glutathione peroxidase (129.96±16.75 U/L) were significantly reduced in DM type-2 patients as compared to controls (p ˂ 0.05). BMI was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic subjects compared to healthy control subjects (p ˂ 0.05). Oxidative stress is raised in type 2 DM patients. The risk factors in the development of complications associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus include increased oxidative stress, deranged lipid profile and decreased antioxidant status of patients. Future studies need to focus on gathering large sample sizes to clarify the relationship between antioxidants depletion and type 2 diabetes mellitus.