ABSTRACT
This project entitled “Rehabilitation of Road” is aimed at investigating the causes of failure on the road linking Federal Secretariat, IMT Civil soil lab to Industrial Centre IMT Campus III Enugu and the possible way of re-designing it for its effective use by IMT community and visitors of IMT. But before the road is being re-designed, effort was made to find out the causes of the road failure along this road which includes lack of drainage system, lack of maintenance, inadequate thickness of the wearing course and poor quality control during the construction of the road.
Furthermore, Reconnaisance and preliminary survey which includes leveling and traversing were carried out along the centre line of the road. Soil tests were also carried out in the laboratory which helps in finding out the causes of the road failure and the possible way of getting it re-designed. The soil tests that were carried out includes: mechanical analysis, compaction test, Atterberg limit test and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test.
Finally, I therefore recommend this project materials very essential for lecturers, researchers and other students that will carry out their project on the topic “Rehabilitation of Road..
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page………………………………………………………..i
Approval Page……………………………………………………………ii
Dedication………………………………………………………………….iii
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………..iv
Abstract………………………………………………………….v
Table of Contents………………………………………………………….vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.0INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………… 1
1.1SCOPE OF THE PROJECT1
1.2DEFINITION OF ROAD, HIGHWAYS AND EXPRESSWAYS…. 2
1.3FUNCTIONAL CLASSIFICATION OF ROAD…………………3
1.4IMPORTANCE OF A GOOD ROAD NETWORK…………6
1.5DISADVANTAGES OF ROAD TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM…7
CHAPTER TWO
2.0GENERAL CAUSES OF ROAD FAILURE…9
2.1FAILURES OF SUB-BASE AND BASE COURSE…10
2.2FAILURES OF BITUMINOUS WEARING COURSE…11
2.3TYPICAL FAILURE OF A FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT…11
2.4DEFEATS IN ROADS…12
2.5REMEDY FOR POTHOLES IN ROADS12
2.6ROAD REHABILITATION AND MAINTENANCE13
2.7MAINTENANCE OF BITUNMINOUS WEARING SURFACES13
2.8MAINTENANCE OF SIDE DRAINS14
2.9CAUSES OF ROAD FAILURE ALONG THE PROJECT ROUTE14
CHAPTER THREE
3.0SOIL ANALYSIS18
3.1IMPORTANCE OF SOIL ANALYSIS18
3.2COLLECTION AND PREPARATION OF SAMPLES FOR THE SOIL TESTS19
3.3MECHANICAL ANALYSIS21
3.4ATTERBERG LIMIT TEST24
3.5COMPACTION TEST30
3.6CBR TEST33
3.7SIGNIFICANCE OF THE SOIL TEST38
3.8CLASSIFICATION OF SOIL38
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0LAND SURVEYING AND INSPECTION40
4.1LEVELLING OPERATION40
4.2INSTRUMENT USED IN LEVELLING AND THEIR USES40
4.3THE ENGINEER’S LEVEL41
4.4TYPES OF ENGINEER’S LEVEL42
4.5PROCEDURES/PRECAUTIONS DURING LEVELLING44
4.6ADJUSTMENT OF A LEVEL45
4.7BOOKING AND REDUCTION OF THE LEVELS47
4.8ERROWS DURING LEVELLING49
4.9PRECAUTIONS DURING LEVELLING49
4.10REDUCTION OF DATA GENERATED FROM THE LEVELLING 50
4.11EARTHWORK COMPUTATION51
4.12CRITERIA FOR CHOICE OF FORMATION LINE51
4.13DETERMINATION OF CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA OF EARTHWORK 56
4.14DETERMINATION OF VOLUME OF EARTHWORK61
4.15TRAVERSING62
4.16INSTRUMENT USED IN TRAVERSING63
4.17THE THEODOLITE64
4.18TYPES OF THEODOLITE65
4.19PROCEDURING DURING TRAVERSING66
4.20THEODOLITE ADJUSTMENT67
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0PAVEMENT AND GEOMETRIC DESIGN70
5.1PAVEMENT DESIGN70
5.2DEFINITION OF A PAVEMENT70
5.3CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD PAVEMENT71
5.4COMPONENT OF A PAVEMENT72
5.5TYPES OF PAVEMENT74
5.6FACTORS AFFECTING THE DESIGN AND STABILITY OF PAVEMENT78
5.7PAVEMENT DESIGN METHODS79
5.8GEOMETRIC DESIGN84
5.9CROSS SECTIONAL COMPONENT OF A ROAD85
5.10SIGHT DISTANCE 89
5.11DESIGN SPEED93
5.12HORIZONTAL ALIGNMENT 94
5.13SUPPER ELEVATION94
5.14TYPES OF CURVES96
5.15DESIGN OF HORIZONTAL CURVE97
5.16WIDENING OF PAVEMENT AT CURVED POSITION99
5.17CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION100
REFERENCES 101