ABSTRACT
The subject matter of this research work is to evaluate the extent to which Small Scale entrepreneurs in Enugu have been able to obtain loans and raise finance from Nigerian Commercial Banks as a major source of finance to the economy. The main objective of the study is to establish the role of Commercial Banks in financing Small Scale Enterprises (SSEs) in Enugu
.A review of literature was done to ensure the conclusion of the study. Based on the analysis, Commercial Banks comply with the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) credit guidelines which stipulated that they should set aside 10% of their profit before tax for loan to Small Scale Enterprises (SSEs).Commercial Banks require feasibility report from SSEs before granting loan to them. Small Scale Enterprises do not provide proper feasibility studies due to poor level of education. The research concluded that for small scale enterprises to survive, there have to be a collective effort between them and banks. Also the government should engage more in the development of Small Scale Enterprises by creating and embarking on various incentives to encourage both Small Scale Enterprises and commercial banks.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page i
Approval Page ------------- ii
Certification ---------------- iii
Dedication ------------------ iv
Acknowledgement ------- v
Abstract ------------------- vi
Table of Contents -------- vii
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the study -------------1
1.2 Statement of the Problem ---------- 3
1.3 Objectives of the Study -------------- 5
1.4 Research Question 5
1.5 Hypotheses ----------6
1.6 significance of the Study ------------ 6
1.7 Limitations of the Study ------------- 7
1.8 Definition of terms 8
CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 The meaning of Small Scale Enterprises ------------ 9
2.2 Roles and Importance of Small Scale Enterprises (SSEs) ----------- 12
2.3 Funding Needs and sources of Funds
For Small Scale Enterprises (SSEs) ------------------- 15
2.4 The predominance of Small Scale Enterprises In Nigeria ------------------ 21
2.5 Problems facing Small Scale Enterprises in Nigeria ----------------- 24
2.6 Commercial Banks financing Small Scale Enterprises Under the New Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) Directive and its likely impact --- 31
CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY
3.1 Population of the Study ----------- 36
3.2 Determination of Sample Size --- 36
3.3 Instruments of Sample Size ------ 36
3.3.1 Primary Data -- 37
3.3.2 Secondary Data ------------------- 37
3.4 Method of Data Collection ------- 37
3.4.1 Questionnaire Administration 38
3.4.2 Interview Method ---------------- 38
3.5 Method of Data Presentation --- 38
CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS
4.1 Data Presentation-Primary Data ------------------- 40
4.2 Presentation of Questionnaire Results in Percentages ---------- 42
4.3 Statistical Tools - 53
4.4 Testing of Hypotheses ------------ 53
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Summary of Findings ------------- 56
5.2 Conclusion ------- 57
5.3 Recommendations ---------------- 58
5.4 Suggestions for Further Research ----------------- 61
Bibliography ---- 62
Appendices --- -- 65
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
The post-independence Nigerian government adopted the entrepreneurship government which constrained it to assume the role of entrepreneur and the urge to offset the economic neglect of the colonial government and that resulted in engaging in ambitious industrialization programmes.
When the Nigerian industrial Development Bank Limited (NIDB) was established in 1964 for the purpose of speeding up the industrialization process, its mandate was to promote industrial projects which were large enough to make applicable contribution to the national economy. However, the collapse of the oil boom in the early 1980’s exposed the inherent weaknesses of this importation of inputs resulted in large idle capacities, thereby creeping many gross domestic product (GDP) declined in the face of the strong national aspiration for the restructuring of the economy and reduction of the dependence on petroleum. Small and medium scale enterprises have since become the focus of national industrial policy.
In pursuit of self-reliance in a developing country particularly in Nigeria, the central government enacted a decree called “Enterprises promotion Decree” when there was need for small scale enterprises in the promotion of economic development. This has since been at the fore front of development strategies.
However, many developing countries have failed to adopt these strategies owing to their belief that it is a relatively slow process of industrialization. Without the development of small scale enterprises in Nigeria, the nation’s quest for industrialization will certainly remain forever at a slow pace. It is the humble opinion of the researcher that further development on our business enterprises must add to the basic issue of creating linkage within the economy to begin to yield real inputs to our economic activities. Priority attention must therefore be given to those business enterprises for which domestic inputs could easily be produced. The objective should be to maximize the value added in their processing and manufacturing as final strong producer incentives to small scale enterprises are necessary not only to meet the food requirement but also to promote growing input supplier industrial growth.
The present economy constraints may well turn out to be a blessing in disguise to our small scale industry effort particularly for the dynamic manufacturing sector. For instance, the market determined exchange rate through Foreign Exchange Market with its resultant high cost of imported inputs may serve as an impetus for industrialist to intensify their search for loan substitute.
In 1971, the government of then East Central State statutorily enacted an edit establishing an office which was hitherto a sub-system of the ministry of commerce and industry to be known as fund for small scale industries Credit Scheme (FUSSI) to give credits to prospective investors to enable them establish, thus helping the country towards industrialization.
As at 1996 and 1999 respectively, banks’ loans and advances to small scale enterprises rose
from ₦42,302.1 to ₦46,824.00 million. However the very slow rate of growth of the industrial sector, the inability of the sector to adequately provide and satisfy the needs of the economy, the over-dependence of the nation at large on foreign goods, pose a necessary course for concern. The means for helping small scale enterprises to acquire the much needed finance form the background of this research.