Urban Solid Waste Management in Kigali City, Rwanda A Case of Gasabo District

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DELARATION A ....................................... i

DECLARATION B ...................................... ii

ABSTRACT ................................................ iii

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ........................... vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS ........................... vii

RES .................................................... xi

OF ACRONYMS ............................. xiii

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION ............ 1

. Background of the study ................... 1

. State1nent of the Probletn .................. 3

i. Research objectives .......................... 4

.3.1. General objective ........................ 4

.3.2. Specific objectives ...................... 4

. Research questions ............................ 4

. Hypotheses ........................................ 4

. Significance of the study ................... 5

. Limitations of the study ..................... 5

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE -............................................................. 6

. Introduction ....................................... 6

. Concepts, Ideas, Opinions From Authors/Experts ........................................................... 6

2.2.1. Landfill Design ..................... 8 

2.2. Landfill Siting Criteria .................................................................. 8

.3. Landfill Closure Plan ............ 11

Theoretical Perspectives - ................................................................. 12

Overview of urban waste management in developing countries ................................................................... 13

.5 .1. Technical Constraints ............... 13

.5.2. Financial Constraints ................ 13

.5.3. Institutional Constraints ............. 13

.5.4. Economic Constraints .............. 13

.5.5. Social Constraints ..................... 14

CHAPTER THREE: MATERIALS AND METHODS ............................................................ 15

.1. Data collection ............................. 15

. I. I. Secondary data acquisition ................................................................. 15

.1.2. Primary data collection ............. 15

Data analysis and interpretation ........................................................... 19

Materials .......................................... 20

Location and delimitation map of Gasabo district within Kigali city ................................................................ 20

CHAPTER FOUR: Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation of Data ......................................................................... 22

. Hygiene and sanitation programmes .................................................................... 22

. Solid waste generation in Gasabo district, Kigali city ................................................................... 23

-.2.1. Sources of solid waste .............. 23

-.2.2. Types of solid waste generated ......................................................................... 28

. Factors which have impacts on solid waste management in Gasabo district ..................................................... 29

,.3 .1. The impact of distance from the main road on the separation of biodegradable and non biodegradable solid wastes ................. 33 

3 .2. Impact of distance from the main roads on the Collection fees of solid wastes .......................................... 33

3. Transportation means and Disposal .................................................. 36

Main causes of inappropriate SWM in Gasabo district.. .................................................................................... 39

Challenges of SWM in Kigali City ........................................................ .40

Some alternatives for better solid waste management ............................................................... .43

.7. LANDFILL OPERATIONAL AND PERFORMANCE CRITERION ................................................ 55

NDUBA LANDFILL ..................... 65

.8.1. Nduba landfill localization ..................................................... 65

.8.2. SOLID WASTES MANAGEMENT WITHIN NDUBA LANDFILL ..................................................... 67

.8.3. Challenges of waste management in Nduba landfill ................................................................................... 68

.8.4. Human resources management at Nduba landfill... ..................................................................................... 72

CHAPTER FIVE: Conclusions and Recommendations ............................................................................................... 73

Conclusion ....................................... 73

Recommendations ........................... 73

REFERENCES ........................................... 77

APPENDICES ............................................ 79

Appendix 1: QUESTIONNAIRE ............. 79

Appendix 3: CURRICULUM VITAE ................................................................ 87