Abstract The study focuses on the potential of naturally occurring dyes as photosensitizers in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). DSSCs are a type of solar cell that uses chemicals called photosensitizers to absorb energy from visible light and produce excited electrons. In 1991, Grätzel and his co-workers developed DSSCs, which have gained attention in recent years. However, the ruthenium-based compounds used as photosensitizers are expensive, and research suggests that organic dyes ...
