CONSTRUCTION OF A MICROCONTROLLER BASED T-JUNCTION TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROLLER

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ABSTRACT
T-junction traffic light controller is such a device that will play a significant role in controlling traffic at junctions, to ease the expected increased rush at such junctions and reduce to minimum disorderliness that may arise, as well as allowing the pedestrians a right of the way at intervals rather than being struck down when in a hurry to cross the roads. Such an electrical system with a touch of electronics that control the flow of traffic in a pre-determined sequential pattern at a junction, has its diagram comprising of different components. The power supply unit provides the control unit with specified voltage from primary source. The pulse generator consisting of a timer generates pulse for the system. The clock or counter moderates the signal that enters the decoding logic system. The display unit of each stand consists of led, the first is red in colour, the second is amber in colour and the last is green in colour.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title Page - - - - - - - - - - - -i
Certification - - - - - - - - - - -ii
Dedication - - - - - - - - - - - -iii
Acknowledgement - - - - - - - - - -iv
Abstract - - - - - - - - - - - -v
Table of Contents - - - - - - - - - -vi
List of Figures - - - - - - - - - - -x

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study - - - - - - - -1
1.2 Objective of the Project - - - - - - - - -3
1.3 Scope of the Study - - - - - - - - -3
1.4 Project Report Organization - - - - - - - -3

CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction - - - - - - - - - -5
2.2 Pre-Emption And Priority - - - - - - - -8
2.3 Special Provisions - - - - - - - - -10
2.4 Technology- - - - - - - - - - -11
2.5 Control And Co-Ordination- - - - - - - -14
2.6 Design Layout And Operation Site- - - - - - -14

CHAPTER THREE
DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEMS
3.1 The Power Supply - - - - - - - - -15
3.2 The Voltage Regulator - - - - - - - - -16
3.3 Crystal Oscillator - - - - - - - - - -21
3.4 Paper Capacitor- - - - - - - - - -26
3.5 The Microcontroller- - - - - - - - -27
3.6 System Flow Diagram- - - - - - - - -33
3.7 Light Indicator Stage- - - - - - - - -35
3.8 Transistors- - - - - - - - - - -35
3.9 Resistors- - - - - - - - - - -41
3.10 Bridge Rectifier- - - - - - - - - -44
3.11 Electrolytic Capacitor- - - - - - - - -45
3.12 Step Down Transformer- - - - - - - -48
3.13 Seven Segment Display- - - - - - - - -49

CHAPTER FOUR
SYSTEMS OPERATIONAL UNITS
4.1 The Control Unit - - - - - - - - - -55
4.2 System Analysis - - - - - - - - -56
4.3 Choice Of Counter - - - - - - - - -56
4.4 The Interface Unit- - - - - - - - -57
4.5 Test And Result - - - - - - - - - -58
4.6 Observation - - - - - - - - - -58
4.7 Packaging- - - - - - - - - - -59
4.8 Bill Of Engineering Measurement And Evaluation - - - -60

CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
5.1 Conclusion -- - - - - - - - - -63
5.2 Recommendations- - - - - - - - -63
5.3 Suggestions For Further Research- - - - - - -64
References- - - - - - - - - - -65

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CONSTRUCTION OF A MICROCONTROLLER BASED T-JUNCTION TRAFFIC LIGHT CONTROLLER

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