Do Private Transfers and Foreign Direct Investment Crowd out Official Transfers in Ghana?

15 PAGES (5174 WORDS) Economics Article/Essay

The study analyzes the relationship between private transfers, foreign direct investment (FDI) and official transfers in Ghana. The research relies on the quarterly frequency time series data from the Ghana Statistical Service for the period 2003-2022. Phillips-Perron (PP) test and the Engle-Granger approach were used to investigate the properties of the data concerning unit roots and cointegration respectively. The ordinary least squares (OLS) regression technique and Granger causality test are used as methods of analysis. The research findings have shown that when private transfers and foreign direct investment increase, they are more likely to reduce official transfers. Furthermore, the study has confirmed that FDI and private transfer granger cause official transfers. So, the result appears to support the hypothesis that private transfers and foreign direct investment crowd out official transfers in Ghana. To boost commerce and interaction between Ghanaians and the outside world, stable and environmentally friendly conditions must be established.