Factors Influencing Prevalence of Malnutrition Among Children Aged Five Years and Below Attending Ishaka Adventist Hospital in Bushenyi District

TABLE OF CONTENTS

ABSTRACT........................................................................................................ii

COPY RIGHT....................................................................................................iii

AUTHORISATION............................................................................................iv

DEDICATIONS..................................................................................................v

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...................................................................................vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS...................................................................................vii

LIST OF TABLES.............................................................................................xii

LIST OF FIGURES..........................................................................................xiii

LIST OF ACRONYMS.....................................................................................xiv

OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS.......................................................................xv

CHAPTER ONE:................................................................................................1

1.0 INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................................1

vii

1.1 Background...................................................................................................................1

1.2 Statement of the problem..........................................................................................3

1.3 Purpose of the study...................................................................................................4

1.4.1 To determine the immediate factors that influence the prevalence of

malnutrition among children aged five years and below attending Ishaka

Adventist hospital in Busheny district...........................................................................5

1.4.2 To determine the underlying factors that influence the prevalence of

malnutrition among children aged five years and below attending Ishaka

Adventist hospital in Bushenyi district..........................................................................5

1.4.3 To determine the basic factors that influence the prevalence of

malnutrition among children aged five years and below attending Ishaka

Adventist hospital in Bushenyi district..........................................................................5

1.5 Research questions.................................................................................................5

1.6.0 Justification of the study.........................................................................................6

1.6.1 Nursing practice.......................................................................................................6

1.6.2 Nursing education..................................................................................................6

1.6.3 Nursing Research....................................................................................................6

1.6.4 Nursing Management.............................................................................................6

CHAPTER TWO:...............................................................................................8

LITERATURE REVIEW.....................................................................................8

1.0 Introduction....................................................................................................................8

viii

2.1 The immediate factors that influence the prevalence malnutrition among

children aged five years and below...............................................................................8

2.2 Underlying factors that influence the prevalence of malnutrition among

children aged five years and below.............................................................................10

2.2.1 Maternal factors:.....................................................................................................10

2.2.2 Child factors:...........................................................................................................15

2.3 Basic factors contributing to malnutrition among children under five years

17

CHAPTER THREE:.........................................................................................19

METHODOLOGY............................................................................................19

3.0 Introduction.................................................................................................................19

3.2 Study Design and Rationale...................................................................................19

3.1 Study Area and rationale.........................................................................................19

3.3 Study Population.......................................................................................................21

3.3.1 Sample Size Determination....................................................................21

3.3.2 The sampling method.............................................................................22

3.4 Selection criteria........................................................................................................22

3.4.1 Inclusion criteria......................................................................................................22

3.4.2 Exclusion Criteria...................................................................................22

ix

3. 5 Definition of variables..............................................................................................23

3.5.1 Dependent variables.............................................................................................23

3.5.2 Independent variable............................................................................................23

3.6 Study Tools/ Instruments......................................................................................23

3.7 Data Management.....................................................................................................23

3.8 Data Analysis and presentation.............................................................................24

3.9 Ethical consideration.................................................................................................24

3.10 Quality control techniques....................................................................................25

3.11 Study limitations......................................................................................................25

3.12 Dissemination of results........................................................................................25

CHAPTER FOUR:...........................................................................................26

DATA ANALYSIS AND PRESENTATION.................................................................26

4.0 Introduction..................................................................................................................26

4.1 Socio-demographic factors that influence the prevalence of malnutrition

among children aged five years and below (n=50).................................................26

4.2 IMMEDIATE FACTORS INFLUENCING THE PREVERANCE OF

MALNUTRITION AMONG CHILDREN AGED 5 YEARS AND BELOW...........30

4.3 UNDERLYING FACTEORS THAT INFLUENCE THE PREVANCE OF

MALNUTRITION AMONG CHILDREN AGED FIVE YEARS AND BELOW....33

4.3 BASIC FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE PREVALENCE OF

MALNUTRITION AMONG CHILDREN AGED FIVE YEARS AND BELOW....36

CHAPTER FIVE:.............................................................................................38

DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION, RECOMMENDATIONS AND IMPLICATIONS

IN NURSING PRACTICE................................................................................38

x

5.0 Introduction..................................................................................................................38

5.1 socio-demographic factors associated with malnutrition among children

aged five years and below.............................................................................................38

5.1 Immediate factors associated with malnutrition among children aged five

years and below................................................................................................................40

5.2 Underlying factors contributing to malnutrition..................................................42

5.3 Basic factors contributing to malnutrition............................................................44

5.4 Conclusions.................................................................................................................44

5.5 Recommendations....................................................................................................45

5.6 IMPLICATIONS IN NURSING PRACTICE.........................................................46

REFERENCES................................................................................................47

Appoh, L.Y., and Krekling, S. (2010). Maternal nutritional knowledge and child

nutritional status in the Volta region of Ghana. Maternal and Child nutrition, 1,

100-110...........................................................................................................47

APPENDIX I: Consent form...........................................................................51

APPENDIX II: QUESTIONNAIRE...................................................................52

APPENDIX 111: INTRODUCTORY LETTER.................................................56

APPENDIX IV: A MAP OF UGANDA SHOWING BUSHENYI DISTRICT.....57

APPENDIX VI: MAP OF BUSHENYI DISTRICT SHOWING LOCATION OF

ISHAKA ADVENTIST HOSPITAL...................................................................58