Pharmaceutics Research Papers/Topics

Flow characteristics and dispersion during drug delivery in a permeable microvessel

Abstract: Understanding how fluid flow and how solutes disperse in human bodies is crucial in Biomedical Engineering. The study of blood rheology is critical as it may help in detecting, designing a treatment for some blood related diseases and understanding them better. The aims of the present thesis is to study the effect of rheological parameters on blood flow and solute dispersion in a microvessel. Firstly the impact of stress jump condition and heterogeneous reaction on velocity, temper...

Generic versus innovator: Analysis of the pharmaceutical qualities of paracetamol and ibuprofen tablets in the Nigerian Market

Abstract The physicochemical equivalence of twenty-two brands of paracetamol and nine brands of ibuprofen tablets sourced from retail Pharmacy outlets in the Nigerian market to their respective innovator brands were investigated.  The uniformity of weight, friability, crushing strength, disintegration and dissolution times and assay of active paracetamol ingredient were used as assessment parameters. All the brands of paracetamol and ibuprofen tablets complied with the official specification...

Antimicrobial and Pharmaceutical Properties of The Seed Oil of Leucaena l eucocephala (Lam.) De Wit (Leguminosae)

ABSTRACT The seed oil of Leuconia leucocephala was investigated for its antimicrobial activity and the pharmaceutical properties of its lotion formulation determined. The oil was extracted from the pulverised dried seeds of the Leuconia leucocephala plant by cold maceration in n-hexane.  The oil was tested against four bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Esherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and four fungi (Aspergilus niger, Rhizopus stolon, Penicillum notatum and Cand...

Evaluation of Mucoadhesive Properties of Native and Modified Starches of the Root Tubers of Cocoyam ( Xanthosoma sagittifolium )

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the bioadhesive properties of native and modified cocoyam (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) starches. The methods of modification were by pregelatinisation and acetylation. The starch particles  were evaluated for characteristics like particle size, swelling ability, viscosity, and mucoadhesion.  The mucoadhesive evaluation of the starches were done using the rotating cylinder methods in 0.1M HCl  and Phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) to simulate the st...

Design of Bilayer Tablets Using Modified Dioscorea Starches as Novel Excipients for Immediate and Sustained Release of Aceclofenac Sodium

Abstract Bilayer tablets of aceclofenac sodium were developed using carboxymethylated whit yam (Dioscorea rotundata) starch (CWY) for a fast release layer (2.5, 5.0, and 7.5% w/w), and acid-hydrolyzed bitter yam (Dioscorea dumetorum) starch (ABY) for a sustaining layer (27% w/w). Sodium starch glycolate (SSG) and hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMC)were used as standards.The starches were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), particle size, swelling power, densi...

Optimization of Formulations of Metoprolol Succinate Tablets Containing Ofada Rice Starch Acetate as Tablet Matrix for Sustained Release Using Response Surface Methodology

Abstract Background: Release-retarding polymers in matrix tablets play a vital role in controlling drug release from tablets. Objectives: To prepare metoprolol succinate tablets by direct compression using Ofada rice (Oryza glaberrima Steud) starch acetate, degree of substitution (DS) 2.22, as a matrix for sustained release.  Materials and methods: The central composite design and response surface methodology were applied to evaluate the interactive effects of three variables: percent conte...

Preponderance Of Palmitoleic Acid In Moringa Oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae) Seeds And Leaves From Chemical Analysis And Gas Chromatography

ABSTRACT Moringa oleifera is the most widespread species of the genus Moringa, the only genus in the family Moringaceae. It is a very popular plant used in traditional herbal medicine. Different parts of the plant contain a profile of important minerals and phytochemicals. The leaves and seeds are good sources of proteins, vitamins, beta-carotene, amino acids, and phenolic compounds. Study was carried out to check chemical constituents of leaves and seed oil of M. oleifera obtained from Ikor...

Performance Of An Acid-Cassava Starch Medium In The Propagation Of Fungi

ABSTRACT Propagation of mould and yeast isolates was carried out on a formulated acid-cassava starch medium and commercial potato dextrose agar.

Prevalence Of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus And Resistance Pattern Of Its Clinical Strains To Beta-Lactam Antibiotics

ABSTRACT Staphylococcus aureus is the leading overall cause otf nosocomial infections with increasing resistance to β lactam antibiotics. This study was carried out to study the current resistant/susceptibility pattern of S. aureus to β lactam antibiotics and prevalence of Methicillin Resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in the studied population. Clinical isolates of S. aureus strains were collected from Medical Microbiology Unit of University College Hospital, Ibadan between May and October, 2012. ...

Evaluation of Pharmaceutical and Microbial Qualities of Some Herbal Medicinal Products in South Western Nigeria

Abstract Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the pharmaceutical and microbial qualities of 21 different (of various dosage forms) Herbal Medicinal Products (HMPs) sourced from some traditional medicine sales outlets and retail pharmacy outlets in south western Nigeria. Method: The pharmaceutical qualities evaluated include tablet crushing strength, friability, disintegration time; density of the solutions and suspensions; particle size and angle of repose of the powders. ...

Design Of Cissus–Alginate Microbeads Revealing Mucoprotection Properties In Anti-Inflammatory Therapy

a b s t r a c t Cissus gum has been employed as polymer with sodium alginate in the formulation of diclofenac microbeads and the in vivo mucoprotective properties of the polymer in anti-inflammatory therapy assessed in rats with carrageenan-induced paw edema in comparison to diclofenac powder and commercial diclofenac tablet. A full 23 factorial experimental design has been used to investigate the influence of concentration of cissus gum (X1); concentration of calcium acetate (X2) and stirrin...

Comparative evaluation of starches obtained from Dioscorea species as intragranular tablet disintegrant

ABSTRACT Starches from four Dioscorea species namely Dioscorea dumetorum (bitter yam), D. oppositifolia (Chinese yam), D. alata (water yam) and D. rotundata (white yam) have been evaluated as disintegrants in chloroquine phosphate tablet formulations in comparison with official corn starch. The mechanical and drug release properties of the tablets were assessed. The results showed that the ranking of the effectiveness of the starches as intragranular disintegrant was water > white > corn > Ch...

Flow, compaction and tabletting properties of co-processed excipients using pregelatinized Ofada rice starch and HPMC.

ABSTRACT The growing popularity of direct-compression process necessitates an ideal filler–binder that can substitute two or more excipients. Pregelatinization of starches significantly improves swelling and flow properties but produces tablets with low mechanical strength. When used as a binder in many tablet formulations, hydroxyl propyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) imparts mechanical strength but because of its poor flow during high speed tablet manufacturing, granulation of HPMC-based formul...

In-vitro Bactericidal Kinetics of Chlorhexidine Gluconate Disinfectant/ Antiseptic Formulations Containing Different Additives

ABSTRACT Chlorhexidine gluconate(CHG) is a popular disinfectant/antiseptic which is often formulated with additives. We investigated the effect of additives type on the in vitro bactericidal kinetics of CHG in three commercially available formulations: Hibiscrub®, Savlon® and Purit® commonly used as household and hospital disinfectants/antiseptics. The bactericidal kinetics of the products was determined by time-survival curve method using Pseudomonas aeruginosa NCTC 6750 and Staphylococc...

The Pharmaceutical Quality of Brands of Metformin Tablets in Ogun-State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT The pharmaceutical quality of randomly selected brands of metformin tablets used (prescribed or dispensed) by Community Pharmacists and Doctors in Ogun state, southwestern Nigeria, were evaluated. Eight brands were randomly procured from community pharmacies after administering a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire to 100 Pharmacists and 15 Physicians across different local government areas in Ogun state, South Western part of Nigeria. The physicochemical properties of the diff...


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