ABSTRACT Introduction: Ethambutol (EMB) has been discovered as an anti-tuberculosis drug since 1960, and is now very important in treatment of multidrug resistant tuberculosis which is on a rise due to emergence of Human Immunodeficiency Virus. However, EMB has been associated with severe side effects including optic neuropathy with no preventive and treatment measures. Purpose: To establish the protective potential of Lantana trifolium ethanolic extract against EMB induced optic nerve change...
Table of ContentsDeclaration iApproval iiAcknowledgements iiiTable of Contents ivList of Tables viiList of Figures viiiList of Abbreviations ixDefinition of Terms xAbstract xiCHAPTER ONE 1INTRODUCTION 11.0 Introduction 11.1 Background of the Study 11.2 Problem of Statement 11.3 Purpose of the study 21.4 Objectives of the study 21.4.1 General Objectives 21.4.2 Specific Objectives 21.5 Research Questions 21.6 Scope of the study 21.7 Significance of the Study 31.8 Conceptual framework 3CHAPTER T...
ABSTRACT Financial models today rely on assumptions that make them insufficient in many real cases. The Geometric Brownian Motion model is assumed as a process for stock prices frequently. The study examined whether the behavior of weekly and monthly returns series of some selected equities listed on the Ghana Stock Exchange can be modeled with the Geometric Brownian Motion(GBM). The Augmented Dickey Fuller, Shapiro-Wilk, Ljung-box and some graphical methods are some statistical methods used...
Insurance loss modeling concerns the prediction of future claims from policyholders in different risk classes based on past observations of claims made by the policyholders in these classes.It is a fundamental branch of Actuarial science and one of the cornerstones in general insurance contracts.Loss modeling and its variations have been widely studied by researchers in actuarial science and successfully applied by practisioners. Perhaps one of the most well-known theories along this line is ...
ABSTRACT The presence of toxic metals such as lead and Cadmium in the environment has been a source of worry to environmentalists, government agencies and health practitioners. This is mainly due to their health implications since they are non-essential metals. Heavy metals are associated with various soil components in various ways and the various associations can determine the reactivity, mobility and bioavailability of the metals. The primary objective of the present study was to determine...
Abstract Knowledge of differential and integral cross sections for electron-atom or electron-ion collision is very important in the study of astrophysics, plasma physics and laser development. So it is essential to make studies of differential and integral cross sections for electron atom collision either experimentally or theoretically. In this study the Distorted Wave Method has been applied to calculate the differential and integral cross sections for elastic scattering of electrons by a m...
ABSTRACT Tea is one of the major cash crops in Kenya and a means of livelihood to people living around the region where it is grown. Branch and collar canker disease is among the many diseases which affect the crop hence reducing its production. Methods used to control the disease mainly involve the use of chemical fungicides which are toxic and not environmentally friendly. This study was therefore done to determine the use of plant products and extracts to manage the disease. Among the prod...
ABSTRACT Multiple imputation procedure is used in handling of item non-response. The imputation procedure is affected by model misspecification and leads to loss in efficiency and biased results. The inclusion of auxiliary variables in the sampling design helps to avoid sensitivity of inference to model misspecification and improves the precision of estimate of population mean. The main aim of this study was to incorporate auxiliary variables in the Multiple Imputation to improve the accurac...
ABSTRACT Amaranthus is a pseudocereal that has its origin in Mexico, South America. It is commonly known as ‘terere’ in Kenya and is mostly used as leaf vegetable. It is fast gaining interest in Kenyan population as a grain due to its ability to adapt to different environments thus can be grown in semi-arid areas, its fast maturity time of 45-75 days, its high economic value and its vital nutrient composition. Amaranth is found to flourish in hot and dry climates where other cereals are d...
ABSTRACT Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (Brown Ear tick) is an efficient vector of Theileria parva the aetiological agent of East Coast fever (ECF) in cattle. Currently, ECF threatens about 28 million cattle in eastern, central and southern Africa. Control of this tick has largely depended on synthetic acaricides. The use of these chemicals for tick control has however, been compromised by increased cases of tick resistance, high cost of the acaricides and concerns over environmental pollution ...
ABSTRACT The United Nations Population Division publishes fertility projections for all countries in the World Population Prospects (WPP). These are the most widely used projections for planning and policy implementation. Despite a substantial body of literature that suggests education has a significant impact on fertility, these projections do not incorporate changes in the composition of the population by level of education. We therefore propose and implement a method that incorporates edu...
Abstract Few studies of rock-lobster diet have included analyses of mature females or juveniles of either sex. This study focused on the diet of male and female West Coast rock lobsters (Jasus lalandil) in three size classes (viz.: 10 - 35 mm CL (carapace length) - small, 40 - 59 mm CL - medium and 70 - 85 mm CL - large), using visual analyses of stomach contents. The principle aims were to examine potential differences in diet between: (1) male and female rock lobsters; (2) changes in diet ...
ABSTRACT Asset-based lending companies and other loan providers are exposed to risk of loan defaults by borrowers. To reduce this risk, these companies acquire credit insurance. Thus when the borrower defaults in payment, the insurance company covers a percentage of the outstanding balance which generates a way to lessen and spread credit risk that the lender incurs. Therefore there are a number of methods put in place such as frequency-serverity and hazard rate models used to value credit in...
ABSTRACT This research project examined the phenomenon of bankruptcy prediction from a developing economy perspective using the Altman Z-score models. These models rank among the bankruptcy models, whose main purpose is to detect the impending bankruptcy in good time. Drawing an empirical data from audited financial statements of firms listed in Nairobi Security Exchange in Kenya, the author tested Altman original Z-score (1968)and the Emerging Markets (1993) models using the dataset of the y...
Accurate collection of wind speed records is significant for numerous wind power applications. The present investigation aims to highlight the use of the Marshall–Olkin Power Lomax (MOPLx) distribution for wind speed data. We examine the actual wind speed records gathered from three stations Bahawalpur, Gwadar, and Haripur. The dataset is demonstrated by using MOPLx distribution and compare its modeling performance with renowned probability distributions, for example, Weibull– Lomax, powe...