Abstract: This dissertation was composed of four experiments. In the first experiment, effects of different processing methods(roasting, boiling and germination) on proximate composition, some mineral and antinutrient contents of finger millet was evaluated. In the second and third experiments, the replacement effect of roasted finger millet grain for maize in starter and finisher broiler diets on feed intake, body weight, blood hematology, carcass parameters and meat chemical composition we...
Abstract: Sensory quality and physicochemical properties are very important to determine yoghurt quality. Sensory attributes of yoghurt can be affected by starter cultures and pasteurization temperature in yoghurt manufacturing process. This study was aimed to investigate effect of three commercial starter cultures namely YoFlex Mild 1.0 and YF-L904 (thermophilic yoghurt cultures containing strains of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophiles) and RST-743(Lac...
Abstract: The study was conducted to evaluate effects of replacing different levels of sceerened red haricot bean (SRHB) for soybean meal on dry matter intake, body weight gain, egg production, egg quality, feed conversion ratio, fertility, hatchability, chick quality of white leghorn chicken, and economic profitability. A total of 225 (195 hens + 30 cocks) at age of 30 weeks with initial body weight of 1104.7± 16.35 gram were randomly distributed in to 15 pens each with 13 hens and 2 cocks...
Abstract: productivity is low due to use of poor quality seeds, inappropriate seed rate and unavailability of adaptable improved varieties to wide range of agro-ecologies. Therefore, this experiment was conducted at Kersa, eastern Ethiopia with the objectives of evaluating the effect of seeds sources, seed rates and varieties on yield and yield related traits and to determine seed quality of different sources of bread wheat varieties. The laboratory experiment was laid out as Completely Rand...
Abstract: Studies have linked herbal teas to the prevention of many diseases, leading to an increase in their use and demand which has endorsed an increase in their commercial activity and production. Consequently, performing a quality assessment of herbal teas in Botswana to determine their safety, medicinal and economical value has become of greater importance. The quality assessment tools used in this study entail: Antioxidant activity profiling using 2,2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (D...
Abstract: Overuse of pesticides in vegetables and related fresh products raises serious public health concerns. However, the recognition and assessment of the magnitude of public health risk remains a low priority in low income African communities. Brassicas are a cosmopolitan crop in African horticulture, and equally so, is the major economic pest, the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella (L.). In consequence, insecticide use on P. xylostella in brassica production systems presents persist...
Abstract: Livestock rearing link to food security and nutrition is an important aspect to farmers and research institutions. Push-pull technology,an innovation at nternational Centre for Insect Physiology and Ecology (ICIPE), has been distinguished as an advocate to livestock growth and production. This Push-pull novelty follows a chain to income boost and household food purchase power. This study sought to establish the perfect link of Push-pull livestock production to an enhanced household...
Abstract: This research aims to advance knowledge on the impact of four processing methods on volatile compounds from insect-based baked products (cookies) to provide insights on consumer acceptance. Samples were exposed to double step enzyme digestive test, volatiles characterized through headspace analysis, while semi-trained panelists were recruited for the sensory test. Blanched and boiled samples of R. differens had considerably higher digestibility (83.42% and 81.61%, respectively) (p ...
Abstract: Edible orthopterans (grasshoppers, crickets, and locusts) are major delicacies, especially across sub-Saharan Africa. Their promotion as food ingredients is increasingly gaining momentum.This study evaluates the nutritional profiles of three widely consumed orthopterans: Gryllus bimacu latus, Locusta migratoria, and Schistocerca gregaria after blanching and oven-drying. All three species had high protein (65.3, 54.2, and 61.4% on a dry matter (DM) basis for G. bimaculatus, L. migra...
Abstract: Rodents are one of the major postharvest pests that affect food security by impacting on both food availability and safety. However, knowledge of the impact of rodents in on-farm maize storage systems in Kenya is limited. A survey was conducted in 2014 with a total of 630 farmers spread across the six maize growing agro-ecological zones (AEZs) to assess postharvest losses magnitudes in on-farm maize storage systems in Kenya, and the contribution of rodents to the losses. Experiment...
Abstract: For centuries, maize producers in sub-Saharan Africa have been plagued by post-harvest losses from insect infestation and mould infections, with small-scale producers representing the most vulnerable populations. Participatory on-farm trials were conducted to assess the effectiveness of triple layer hermetic (PICS™) bags for storage of maize in small-scale farmers’ stores in rural villages in Makueni County,Kenya. PICS bags are three-layer hermetic bag-system that forms a barri...
Abstract: Long-horned grasshopper (Ruspolia differens), an edible insect native to sub-Saharan Africa, is considered a delicacy by some communities in the region and contributes 5-10% of the protein intake. However, its full utilization as food across the different cultural constructs has been hampered by neophobia and disgust occasioned by uncommon food cultural practices, thereby limiting its potential to combat malnutrition in the region. Therefore, there is need to process and hide the i...
TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE CERTIFICATION DEDICATION ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES LIST OF FIGURES ABSTRACT CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY 1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM 1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY 1.3.1 MAIN OBJECTIVE 1.3.2 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 1.4 JUSTIFICATION 1.5 SCOPE OF STUDY CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW 9 2.1 COCOYAM 2.1.1 History and Origin of Cocoyam 2.1.2 Scientific Classification of Cocoyam 2.1.3 Composition of Cocoyam 2.1.3.1 Nutritional Compo...
ABSTRACT This study assessed the effect of drying on smoked horse mackerel fillets during storage at room temperature. Smoked horse mackerel (Trachurus trachurus) fillets were prepared by smoking brined horse mackerel fillets in a traditional improved kiln for 4 hours at 60 – 70oC. The fillets were later oven-dried at 65-70oC for 0, 2, 4, 6, and 8 hours, spread on perforated trays and stored at room temperature of 24.5 – 34oC and relative humidity range of 59 – 87% for a period of 30 da...
ABSTRACT African oil bean seed slices (Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth) were prepared by two traditional methods, packaged in sterilized plastic containers and fermented at two different temperatures (ambient (28 ± 2 oC) and 37.5 oC temperature) for 96 hours to produce Ugba (a Nigerian indigenous protein rich food). Proximate analysis (moisture, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrate and fibre content), physicochemical analysis (peroxide, saponification, iodine, pH value), protein solubility and mi...