ABSTRACT Energy is globally recognized as one of the most fundamental inputs to social and economic development. Most energy sources are serious pollutants resulting to serious negative effects on the environment. To overcome this challenge, the presence of abundant sunshine has been exploited through the use of solar cells to generate this vital resource through photovoltaic cells. However most photovoltaic cells are silicon based photovoltaic cells which are expensive. This study reports o...
ABSTRACT More than two thirds of the earth is covered by water however, only 2.5% of all the water on earth is fresh. In Kenya, only 1.9% of land coverage is occupied by water, with more than 41% of the population lacking access to clean drinking water. A major risk arises from consumption of water containing high levels of fluorides or that contaminated with heavy metals. Conventional technologies such as reverse osmosis, ultra filtration and electro dialysis used in water remediation are e...
ABSTRACT The electrical characteristics of semiconductor thin films are of great practical interest in microelectronics industry hence the need to measure these parameters in a cheaper and faster manner possible. This study has embarked on design and fabrication of a simple, effective and portable computer-aided four point probe system for thin film sheet resistivity measurement. A four point probe head has been designed and fabricated from easily available materials. A relay switching devic...
ABSTRACT Marigat area, located in Baringo-Bogoria basin is a semi-arid part of the eastern Rift valley experiencing limited supply of potable water. Groundwater in this region is unexploited due to challenges of undefined nature of fault lines and presence of underground geysers. This study was carried out with the aim of investigating the groundwater potential and to characterise water bearing formation in Marigat area, Baringo County using resistivity method. Vertical electrical sounding (...
ABSTRACT Wastewater is known to contain microbes that are deleterious to human health. Epidemiological reports show that wastewater associated disease outbreaks are common around the world. This suggests that wastewater must be processed carefully before release into natural waters and the environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the total bacterial load and microbial types in Dandora Sewage Treatment Plant (DSTP) and its handling capacity in terms of pathogen removal. In addi...
ABSTRACT Automatic control systems penneate life in all advanced societies today. Such systems act as catalysts in promoting progress and development. They are integral components of any industrial society and are necessary for the production of standardized and quality goods. Suitable signal plans at each road intersections can be used to solve the problem of traffic :flow. These plans could be fixed-time, time varying, or traffic actuated. Traffic control systems have evolved during the 20...
ABSTRACT The erratic pattern of rainfall over the years coupled with increasing population has left no option but to cultivate more farmlands through irrigation to meet food demand. Irrigated Agriculture as essential as it is if not done with care through good practices and use of quality water can lead to soil salinization and ecological unsustainability. In Kenya a lot of irrigated lands have been abandoned after few years of cultivation due to salinization. This study was carried out to a...
ABSTRACT Cassava (Manihot esculenta, Crantz) is an important perennial tropical crop for millions of people around the world particularly in Sub-Saharan Africa. It is preferred due to its agronomical attributes such as ability to grow in poor soils and drought resistance. Cassava storage roots are also a good source of starch. In addition, cassava leaves and tender shoots are eaten as vegetables in many parts of Africa, Kenya included and are an excellent source of vitamins, minerals and pro...
Abstract In this work we apply a finite volume discretization technique based on a relaxation scheme to simulate the morphological evolution of the topography as a result of a dam break, that causes flooding downstream of the breach location. The considered mathematical model comprise of shallow water equations coupled with the bed updating equation which is modified to account for sediment entrainment process. Thus the model comprises a set of highly nonlinear hyperbolic partial differentia...
ABSTRACT Groundwater is an important natural resource used for drinking by many people globally, especially in rural and peri-urban areas, but this resource cannot be sustainably used unless its quality is ascertained. Urbanization and the increasing population growth in the Thiririka Sub Catchment has put increasing pressure on natural resources and social services such as housing, water supply and sanitation, education and health facilities in the Sub Catchment. This increased in demand, c...
ABSTRACT Dengue virus infection is one of the major global public health problems. It is caused by one of the four dengue virus (DENV) serotypes that are transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Following infection, an individual remains vulnerable to re-infection with a different serotype of the DENV. The infection usually occurs with clinical manifestations ranging from an asymptomatic or mild febrile illness as classical dengue fever to the potentially life-threatening illness, dengue hemorrhagic...