ICT Integration in Teaching and Learning in Secondary Schools in Tanzania: Readiness and Way Forward

Abstract

—The use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in teaching and learning has brought new teaching and learning experience to both teachers and students in many countries. Tanzania has made several efforts to achieve this but little has been done to determine the readiness of our schools and teachers in terms of ICT infrastructure and possession of other gadgets to help in the integration of ICT in education. This study aimed at looking into the readiness of Secondary Schools to successfully integrate ICT in teaching and learning activities, and teachers in terms of knowledge, skills and possession of ICT devices. Data were collected from 202 teachers selected from 32 Secondary Schools from all the Educational Zones in Tanzania. The study revealed that most schools do not have ICT infrastructure in place. In schools where ICT infrastructure is present, student to computer ratio is very high. On the other hand, teachers are ready to use ICT in their teaching and learning activities if and only if they have the skills and knowledge to do so. The findings revealed that most of the secondary school teachers (77.0%) now possess either a laptop or a smartphone or both. This is an implication that they are ready to use such tools in the teaching and learning process if they are directed how best they can be used. The study recommends the Ministry of Education, Science, Technology and Vocational Training (MoESTVT) to increase the effort in training teachers on ICT, setting up adequate ICT infrastructure in many schools and setting up a framework for the implementation of the same.