Medication Counselling Practice In Community Pharmacies In Lagos State, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Community pharmacies are major sources of medicines in most communities in Nigeria.

Clients visit community pharmacies to seek help in medication therapy from community

pharmacist,who has a professional responsibility to protect the public from the dangers of self

medication through provision of adequate medication counselling. It is however not known to

what extent community pharmacists fulfil this roles. The aim of this study was to examine

the nature, extent and adequacy of medication counselling practice in community pharmacies

and the factors influencing counselling practice.

A cross sectional survey of community pharmacies using simulated clients visit

(Observational study) and cross sectional survey of community pharmacists using self

administered questionnaire were carried out. Documents containing policy statements, laws

and regulations were also reviewed. Educational intervention involving training of

pharmacists in a workshop and on-site practical demonstration was carried out.

A total of 185 community pharmacies had complete data for inclusion in the analysis,

representing 89.9% response rate. Pharmacist in 65 % of the pharmacies provided

counselling. None of the pharmacist asked more than two questions, Information on dosage

and frequency were the most (48%) frequently mentioned medication information items and

information on adherence to medication least mentioned (3.6%). Only 10% pharmacies

provided adequate medication counselling. Workload in the pharmacy (number of clients

seen daily), and time of the day in which the pharmacy was accessed were found to be

predictors of the amount of counselling offered by pharmacy staff (R= -0.268 & -0.329 ; p=

0.01 & 0.002 respectively). Weak regulatory framework on counselling practice, inadequate

knowledge of medication counselling among many (72.3%) community pharmacists and lack

of medication counselling guide/aids were also identified as potential factors influencing

counselling practice.

Medication counselling practice in community pharmacies in Lagos State is grossly

inadequate. Workload in the pharmacy, inadequate knowledge of pharmacists and weak

regulatory framework should be targeted as intervention by various pharmacy and public

health stakeholders in order to improve the practice.