Relating Geology and Geological Structures with Regional Episodes: Implication for Groundwater Exploration and Development around Kwal-Kanke Area, Jos Plateau

Abstract

The  study  addressed  the  Geology  and  geological structures around  Kwal-Kanke  area  around  the  Jos  plateau. Three (3) rock types namely; Quaternary dolerite/basic rocks, aplo-pegmatitic  granite  gneiss  and  migmatite-gneiss  were delineated. The  quaternary  dolerites  and  the  aplo-pegmatitic granite  are  emplaced  in  form  of  dykes  with  lateral  extent greater than 3km trending NW-SE and conforms to the trend of the fractures around Jiver area at the vicinity of the Sara-Fier Complex, implying that these dykes intruded pre-existing fractures  and  are  most  likely  affected  by  similar  tectonic episode. Geological studies around the central area of the study using the 40 vertical electrical  soundings (VES) were carried out to determine the sub surface geology and its groundwater implications.  From  the  study,  weathered  overburden  of variable thickness of between 3-27m thick and major fractures which are of hydrogeological significance were intercepted on VES  P28,  P34,  P35  and  P38.  The  sub  surface  structures  as depicted  by the VES conform  to the general NW-SE  surface structural trend. Keywords:  Geology,  Geological  structures,  tectonic  episode, VES, Hydrogeological implication