Role Of Maternal, Child And Environmental Factors On Patterns Of Malaria Morbidity In Under Fives In Abia State

ABSTRACT

Malaria, a preventable disease, caused by a protozoan parasite, accounts for about 300-500million clinical cases and two million deaths world-wide annually. Ninety per cent of this occurs in countries south of the Sahara. It is responsible for about 25% of all childhood mortality. It is estimated that at least 50% of the population will have at least one attack of malaria in a year. It is one of largest contributor to disease burden in Nigeria. There were two million cases of malaria in 2003, resulting in five thousand deaths, 43% of which were children below five years of age. It claims more lives than dreaded HIV/AIDS. Malaria has been associated with several risk factors, among which are socioeconomic, socio-demographic and environmental factors. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of these factors in patterns of malaria morbidity in under fives. A cross-sectional study was carried out in four local governments of Abia state from April to June 2010. The study population included 578 children who met our inclusion criteria (age 0- 59months, fever, vomiting, and lethargy in past 3 months). Structured questionnaire was used in data collection. Data analysis was done using SPSS 15.0 Chi-square test of independence interpreted at the level of significance (p