Rural Urban Migration and Unemployment in Bosaso Somalia

ABSTRACT This study examined the rural urban migration and unemployment of Bosaso in Puntland, Somalia. A self-made questionnaire is used to collect data in order to obtain four research objectives; 1) to determine the profile of the respondents, 2) to determine the level of rural urban migration, 3) to determine the level of unemployment 4) to establish if rural urban migration function is significantly correlated with unemployment. Key findings from the study were (1) the profile of the respondents found that male (54.5%) dominates female (45.5%), in regard to education level, respondents who have certificate (27.7%), those who have diploma are (42.9%), those who obtained bachelor degree are (18.8%) where as postgraduate is (lO.7%) and none of the respondents have PhD, the length of work experience that (9.4%) of the respondents have less than 1 year and only (23.2%) have between 1- 4 years of experience have (36.6%, followed by the respondents who are 5-8years are (l8.8%), followed by the respondents who are 9-l2years are (l4.3%) and who are above l3years are (7.1%); (2) the overall level of rural urban migration found very high (mean=3.30); (3) the overall level of unemployment is also found very high (mean =3.29);. It was concluded that there is a significant relationship between the level of rural urban migration and unemployment in the selected Bosaso in Puntland Somalia, and also the rural urban migration contributes 17% towards variations of the level of unemployment based on the findings. This study recommends that is need to change the level of unemployment exist in the region, to create a situation of peace to establish a source and opportunities of getting employment Besides, integration of peace and reconciliation tenets in the Somali education system and rehabilitation of immigrants would sow seeds of peaceful resolution of opposition groups amongst the Somalis. The study also recommends possible further studies to be undertaken in areas like; re establish and rebuild of socio economic infrastructure in Somalia presents the country with development opportunities vis a vis the challenges posed by migration and prolong conflict; the role on international players in the escalation of conflict in Somalia among others

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Preliminaries

DECLARAT[ON A

DECLERATION B ii

DEDICATION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv

ABSTRACT viii

CHAPTER

ONE

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SCOPE

Background of the Study 1

The Statement of the Problem 4

Purpose of the study 5

Research Objectives 5

Research Questions 6

Hypothesis 6

Scope of the study 7

Significance of the Study 8

Operational definition key Terms 8

V

TWO REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Concepts, ideas and Opinions from

Authors/expertise 10

Theoretical Perspectives 13

Related Studies 14

THREE METHODOLOGIES

Research Design 20

Research Population 20

Sample Size 20

Sampling Procedure 22

Research Instrument 22

Validity and Reliability of the Instrument 22

Data Gathering Procedures 24

Data Analysis 25

Ethical Considerations 26

Limitations of the Study 27

FOUR DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

Profile of Respondent 28

Level of Rural Urban Migration 29

Level of unemployment 31

Relationship between Rural Urban Migration and

Unemployment 33

FIVE FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATION

Findings 35

Conclusion 36

Recommendation 37

REFERENCES 39

APPENDICES

APPENDIX IA Transmittal letter 43

APPENDIX lB Transmittal letter for the respondents 44

APPENDIX II Clearance from Ethical committee 45

APPENDIX III Informed Consent 46

APPENDIX IV Questionnaire to determine the level of rural

Urban migration 48

APPENDIX IV Questionnaire to Determine level of

Unemployment 49

Researcher’s Curriculum Vitae 50