ABSTRACT
According to a few recent studies, calcium titanate is a material that is similar to hydroxyapatite in biological properties. However, calcium titanate is not currently being used in the biomedical application as to hydroxyapatite. The objective is to prepare nano calcium titanate powder from the solution of calcium oxide, ethanol, and titanium (IV) isopropoxide via sol-gel synthesis. The fiber size, pore size and morphology were studied by phenom scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results of the uniformity in the pore size histogram confirm the presence of phase pure crystalline CaTiO3 after drying at 100oC for 24 hours, while the fiber analysis confirms the CaTiO3 to be a nano material. The phase analysis shows the morphology of the nano calcium titanate at different magnification. Finally, it can be concluded that sol-gel synthesis is a good method for production of nano CaTiO3 particles at lower temperature compared to any other methods of production.
TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTER ONE
1.0Introduction _________________________1
1.1Aim ______________________________2
1.2Objectives______________________________2
1.3 Justification of the study ____________________3
1.4Scope of the study____________________3
CHAPTER TWO
2.0Literature review ____________________4
2.1Methods of synthesis____________________ 5
2.1.1Ceramic method ____________________5
2.1.2Sol-gel method ____________________6
2.1.3Freeze-drying method ____________________6
2.1.4Melt method _________________________7
2.1.5Pechini method _________________________8
2.1.6Other methods _________________________8
2.2Structure of calcium titanate _______________10
2.3Structural characterization of perovskite _____12
2.3.1X-ray diffraction __________________________14
2.3.2Scanning electron microscopy ________________16
2.4 Applications __________________________17
CHAPTER THREE
3.0Materials and method_____________________ 19
3.1Preparation of titanium (IV) isopropoxide ______19
3.2Powder synthesis __________________________19
3.3Powder characterization _____________________20
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0Result __________________________21
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0Discussion, Conclusion and Recommendation 30
5.1Discussion__________________________30
5.2Conclusion __________________________32
5.3Recommendation _____________________32
Reference __________________________33
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1SEM Microgram of CaTiO3__________21
Figure 2SEM Microgram of CaTiO3__________22
Figure 3SEM Microgram of CaTiO3__________23
Figure 4SEM Microgram of CaTiO3__________24
Figure 5A screen shot of SEM fibre and pore analysis25
Figure 6Fibermetric image of SEM analysis_____26
Figure 7Fibermetric image measurement of SEM analysis27
Figure 8Fiber histogram of SEM analysis_____28
Figure 9Pore histogram of SEM analysis_____29