THE EFFECT OF PESTICIDES DICHLORODIPHENYL TRICHLOROEYHANE (D.D.Y) AND BENZENE HEXACHRORIDE (BHC) ON THE MICROFLORA OF THE THREE TYPES OF SOIL.

ABSTRACT

The effect of pesticides, chchlorodipheny trichloroethane (DDY) and Benzene hexaxhoride (BHc) on the  microflora of the three types of soil (loamy, clay and sandy soil) was conducted. The serial dietitian technique was employed up to 10-3 using nutrient agar, potato dextrose agar and sabourand agar plates. The isolation of both bacterial and fungal organisms were made  before treating the soil types with the two pesticides), D.D.T and BHC.  and after treating the soil types with D.D.T after treating  and BHc. The highest bacterial count before treating the soil types with D.D.T and BHc was got in loamy soil with 133 per ml having  PH 7.1, followed by clay soil with 78 per ml and  least was sandy soil with 42 per ml. while the highest bacterial count  after treating the soil types with D.D.T was gotten in loamy soil 105 per ml, followed by clay soil with  51 and least count was got in sandy with 28 per ml. Also the  highest bacterial count after treatment with BHc was obtained in loamy soil with 12F per ml, followed by clay soil with 64 per ml and the least count was got from sand soil with 37 per ml. The highest bacterial isolate from all the soil types before  treatment with the two pesticides was pseudomonas with 25 per ml, followed by Bacillus SPP with   24 per ml, and  next was achnomycetes with 19 per ml  while the least bacterial organism was Rhizobrium SPP. The fungal organisms isolates were Aspergillus species, syncophatastrum species, pernicillum species and mucor species. The results of this project showed that there was reduction in microflora of the soil types after treatment separately with the two pesticides. But the effect was more with  D.D.T than with BHc. Also the effects of the two pesticides was highest in sandy soil followed by clay and lastly the loamy soil.  

TABLE OF CONTENT

Title pages 

Certification page 

Acknowledgement 

Dedication page 

Abstract 

Table of contents 

CHAPTER ONE 

Introduction 

1.2Aims and objectives 

1.3Statement of problem 

1.4Hypothesis 

1.5Limitation of the study 

CHAPTER TWO 

Literature review           

2.1Pesticide labeling and safety                                 

2.2Various classes and types of pesticides.                                         

2.3Effects of pesticide on population of invertebrates in soil         

2.4Effects of  pesticides on population of vertebrates in the soil    

2.5Effects of pesticides on population of micro organism in the soil 

CHAPTER THREE 

3.0Materials and methods

 3.1materials

3.2Methods

3.2.1Sterilization

3.2.2  Collection of pesticides                                                                   

3.2.3Collection of three types of soil loamy clay sandy

3.2.4  Preparation of media

2.2.5Playing technique  

3.2.6 Microbial count, staining and microscopic work

3.2.7Identification of would

3.2.8  Biochemical test for identification

CHAPTER FOUR 

 Result

CHAPTER FIVE 

Discussions

CHAPTER SIX 

6.0Conclusion and recommendation

6.1conclusion 

6.2recommendation

References                     

Appendix