The Prospects and Challenges of Sustainable Development in The Petroleum Industry in Uganda

Abstract In the near future, Uganda is expected to join the league of oil producing countries. This is after the long period of exploration that has at last brought the good news of the existence of the oil and gas deposits in the Albertine Graben (Refer to the map of the Alberine Graben showing exploration blocks). The rest of the world observes closely to make out if it shall attain what other numerous nations have vowed and failed to honor, that is guaranteeing oil wealth, minimizing, or eradicating poverty of the masses through generating employment prospectus and regional economic progress and thus eventually fostering extensive Nationwide Economic and social growth. In view of this, it is the objective of this paper to discuss the. principles of sustainable management and utilization that Uganda should espouse to manage its implementing oil. wealth and in the event evade the self style oil curse. The study will include an appreciation of the legal and structural policy underlying the national priorities concerning the necessity of sustainable utilization and its practical realization amidst the controversial interests in our country. Consequently the study will be able to analyze the fact that if Uganda adopts the principle of sustainable development, all stakeholders' investors and interested parties can have the benefit of the positive consequences of oil for the present and future generations amidst the various challenges faced by the country. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

DEDICATION ............................................................ .i 

SUPERVISOR'S APPROVAL. ........................................ .ii 

DEDICATION ............................................................ .iii 

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .............................................. .iv 

LIST 0 F STATUTES ..... : ................................... ; ........... v 

LIST OF CASES ......................................................... vi 

LIST OF ACRONYMS .................................................. vii 

TABLE OF CONTENTS ...... viii 

ABSTRACT .............................................................. xii 

CHAPTER ONE .......................................................... 1 

1.0. INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY .............................. 1 

1.1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY ............................... .2 

1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM ................................. .3 

1.3. 0 BJECTIVES ......................................................... 4 

1.3.2. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES ................................. : ...... .4 

1.3.3. RESEARCH QUESTIONS ....................................... 5. 

1.4 .SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY ................................ 5 

1.5. LITRATURE REVIEW ............................................. 6 

1.6. SCOPEOFTHESTUDY .............................. : ........... 10 

1.7. METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY ............................ lO 

1.8. SYN.OPSIS .... ., ...................................................... 11 

CHAPTER TW0 ....................................................... 13 

2.0. THE" CONCEPT OF SUSTAINABLE 

DEVELOPMENT . .' .... · ................................................. 13 

INTRODUCTION ...................................................... 13 

2.1. UGANDA'S EXPERIENCE AS REGARDS THE POLICY 

FRAME WORK OF SUSTAINABLE UTILISATION OF 

RESOURCES ............................................................................. 25 

2.2. LEGAL REGIME GOVERNING THE SUSTAINABLE 

UTILISATION OF OIL SECTOR TOWARDS AN ENABLING 

LEGAL FRAME WORK ............................................... 29 

2.3. CASE STUDIES OF THE OIL PRODUCING COUNTRIES 

THAT HAVE PROMOTED THE CONCEPT OF 

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT ................................. 36 

CHAPTER THREE ................................................... 40 

3.0. CRTICAL ANALYSIS OF UGANDA NATIONAL OIL 

AND GAS POLICY AS REGARDS SUSTAINABLE 

MAN A GEMENT 0 F OIL. ............................................ .40 

3.1. THE ASPECT OF PUBLIC PARTICIPATION ............... 40 

3.2. RELATIONS BETWWEN GOVERNMENT, OIL 

COMPANIES AND COMMUNITY ................................. .42 

3.3. POLICY MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATION .... : ......... .43 

3.4. CONSERVATION OF THE ENVIROMENT AND ITS 

BIODIVERSITY ............................................. : .......... .44 

3.5. THE WILD LIFE POLICY ...................................... .45 

3.2.0 THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK GOVERNING THE OIL 

SECTOR .................................................................. 47 

3.2.1. THE 1995 CONSTITUTION OF UGANDA ................ .47 

3.2.2. THE PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AND 

PRODUCTION ACT .. · .................................................. 48 

3.2.3. ADDRESSING POLLUTER AND PRECAUTIONARY 

PRINCIPLES .............. , ............................................. 49 

3.2.4. ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND PUBLIC 

INVOLVEMENT ........................................................ SO 

3.2.4 THE NATIONAL ENVIRONMENT ACT .................... 55 

3.2.5 THE WATER ACT ......................................... : ...... .56 

3.2.6 THE WILDLIFE ACT ............................................ .57 

3.3.7 CONSTRAINTS LIKELY TO FACE THE SUSTAINABLE 

UTILISATION OF THE OIL RESOURCE IN 

UGANDA ..................................................... : ............ 57 

4.0 CHAPTER FOUR ................................................. 63 

4.1 RECOMMENDATiONS ........................................... 63 

4.2 CONCLUSION ..................................................... 69 

4.3 BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................. 71