The Role of World Health Organization in Humanitarian Crises - The Study of North East, Nigeria (2012-2017)

ABSTRACT

The major purpose of this research was to examine the activities of the World Health Organization in humanitarian crises, through the study of North-East, Nigeria. The objective of the research is to examine the role of the World Health Organization in abating the impact of the humanitarian crisis in the North-East and the strategies in responding to the crisis. The Role Theory was selected as the theoretical framework to broaden the understanding of the project. Secondary data was used in carrying out this research. The findings from my research include the ultimate goal of the World Health Organization and its global partners is to reduce the rate of death and disease urgently by rapid increase in life-saving health services in the North-East,Nigeria, and the WHO was very effective with the Nigerian Humanitarian Response Plans in 2016 and 2017. The research recommends that the humanitarian crisis in the North-East cannot be abated by just the Nigerian government and its agencies but by a broad alliance of partners to respond quickly and effectively. The intervention should be multi-sectored and multi-dimensional.

                                         

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                  TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page………………………………………………………………......................i

Declaration……………………………………………………………......................ii

Certification…………………………………………………………….................. .iii

Dedication………………………………………………………………...................iv

Acknowledgements……………………………………………………….................v

Abstract……………………………………………................................................. vii

Table of Contents.....................................................................................................viii

Abbreviations........................................................................................................... xii

CHAPTER ONE

1.1 Background to the Study……………………………………............................1

1.2 Statement of the Problem………………………………………………….........4

1.3 Research Questions …………………………………………………………......6

1.4 Objectives of Study ……………………………………………………………..7

1.5 Research Propositions……………………………………………………….....7

1.6 Significance of the Study ……………………………………………………….8

1.7 Scope of Study ………………………………………………………………….8

1.8 Limitations to the Study..................…………………………………………..9

1.9 Organization of the Study...........................................................................       9

References............................................................................................................     11

CHAPTER TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW AND THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

2.0 Introduction ……………………………………………………………………13

2.1 Literature Review………………………………………………………….......13

2.1.1 The Concept of Humanitarian Crisis..……………………………………...13

2.1.2 Characteristics of Humanitarian Crisis...................................................18

2.1.3 Impact of Humanitarian Crises................................................................      19

2.1.4 Humanitarian Crisis in Nigeria....................................................................  20

2.2 Theoretical Framework……..................................................…………….......22

2.2.1 Role Theory…………………………………………………………………..22

2.3 Application of the Theory…………………………………………………......27

References......................................................................................................29

 

CHAPTER THREE: METHOD OF THE STUDY

3.1 Introduction………………………………………………………………........32

3.1.1 Research Design………………………………………………………….......32

3.1.2 Population of the study……………………………………………………....32

3.1.3 Sample Size………………………………………………...………………....33

3.1.4 Instrument of Data Collection………………………………….……….......33

3.1.5 Validity and Reliability of the Instrument………………………………....33

3.2 Case Study: The World Health Organization……………………………......34

3.2.1 Functions of the WHO...........................………………………………......    37

3.2.2 Structure of the WHO............................................................................         40

References......................................................................................................           46

CHAPTER 4: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1 Introduction …………………………………………………………………....47

4.2 Data Presentation..……………………………………………………..............47

4.2.1 The Role of the World Health Organization in Humanitarian Crisis in North-East, Nigeria (2012-2017)......................................................................     47

4.2.2 Strategies in Responding to the Humanitarian Crisis in North-East, Nigeria (2012-2017).........................................................................................          54

4.2.3 Challenges the World Health Organization faced in the Humanitarian Crisis in North-East, Nigeria (2012-2017)........................................................        59

4.3 Data Analyses.......................………………………………………………...... 61

4.4 Summary of Findings.................................................................................        65

4.5 Discussion of Findings...............................................................................         67

References.......................................................................................................          69

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

5.1 Summary ………………………………………………..................................  71

5.2 Recommendations……………………………………………………….......... 73

5.3 Conclusion………………………………………………………………….......75

Bibliography................................................................................................. ........... 77

 

 

 

 

 

 

                                              ABBREVIATIONS

ALNAP- Active Learning Network for Accountability and Performance

ECOSOC- Economic and Social Council

EWARS- Early Warning Alert and Response System

FAO- Food and Agriculture Organization

HeRAMS- Health Resources and Service Availability Monitoring System

HNO- Humanitarian Need Overview

IASC- Inter-Agency Standing Committee

ICRC- International Committee of the Red Cross

IDPs- Internally Displaced Persons

IEHK- Interagency Emergency Health Kits

IHR- International Health Regulations

IRC- International Rescue Committee

MHGAP- Mental Gap Action Programme

MSF- Medecins sans Frontiers

MTJF- Multi-National Joint Military Task Force

NEMA- National Emergency Management Agency

PAHO- Pan-African Health Organization

OHIP- Office International d’Hygiene Publique

SAM- Severe Acute Malnutrition

SEMA- State Emergency Management Agency

UN- United Nations

UNDP- United Nations Development Programme

UNHCR- United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

UNICEF- United Nations Children’s Fund

UNOCHA- United Nations for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs

VHF- Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers

VSF- Victims Support Funds

WFP- World Food Programme

WHA- World Health Assembly

WHO- World Health Organization