Colonialism and Socio-economic Development of African Societies: A Case Study of Hadejia Emirate, Nigeria (1906-1960)

ABSTRACT This historical study was carried out in Hadejia Emirate of Nigeria to assess the establishment of colonialism in Nigeria, to examine the social impact of colonialism on Hadeja Emirate, Nigeria, as well as to analyze the economic impact of colonialism on Hadejia Emirate in Nigeria. Being a historical study, documentary analyses as well as oral interviews were used. The 53 respondents who participated in the study were purposively selected on an assumption that they were knowledgable of the historical events of colonialism in Nigeria, specifically Hadejia Emirate. These were 26 secondary school teachers of 1-listory, six university lecturers of History, ten religious leaders, seven political leaders and four traditional leaders. The study took a crosssectional descriptive survey design, using qualitative approach. The interviewees revealed that colonialism was introduced in Nigeria in the l9~’~ century A.D by the British as a result of the scramble and partition of Africa. The largest part of northern Nigeria by the 9~ century was part of the Sokoto Caliphate. The Emirates under Sokoto Caliphate covered a substantial area of northern Nigeria as a result of a Jihad led by Uthrnan Dan Fodio. Islam and indigenous African religions were the two religions practiced by the people by the time the British started ruling Nigeria.With the advent of colonialism, social changes were ushered in including the establishment of Christianity, European culture, formal schooling, and hospitals, all of which had both positive and negative impacts. Economically. new cash crops were introduced, textile and industries were introduced, and the mode of pasterolism was changed. The impacts of all these, as perceived by the interviewees, were both positive and negative. It was concluded that given the speed at which the world is moving today in terms of socio-econornic development, the changes brought by the colonial masters in Hadejia Emirate should receive more praises than criticisms and hence be adopted with some changes to suit the current trends in science and technology. 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

DECLARATION

APPROVAL

DEDICATION

ABBREVIATIONS

GLOSSARY

ABSTRACT

TABLE OF CONTENTS viii

LISTOFTABLES xi

LIST OF FIGURES xii

CHAPTER ONE

1 .0 Introduction I

I. I Background of the Study I

I . I . I Historical Perspective

I .1 .2 Conceptual Perspective 4

1.1.3 Contextual Perspective 4

1.2 Problem Statement 5

1.3 Purpose of the Study 5

1.4 Objectives of the Study 6

1 .5 Research Questions 6

1.6 Scope of the Study 6

1.6.1 Geographical scope 6

I .6.2 Time scope 6

1 .6.3 Content scope 6

1 .7. Significance of the Study 7

VHI

CHAPTER TWO .:8

LITERATURE REVIEW 8

2.0 Introduction 8

2.1 Conceptual framework 8

2.2 Related Literature 9

2.2.1 Establishment of Colonialism in Nigeria 9

2.2.2 Indirect rule 11

2.2.3Traditional leaders 12

2.3. Colonialism and Social Development 14

2.3.I.Religion 14

2.3.2 Formal Education 19

2.4 Colonialism and Economic Development ofNigeria 28

2.4. 1 Infrastructure 28

2.4. 2 Roads 28

2.4.3 Water supply and sanitation 30

2.4.4 Power 30

2.4.5 Information and communications technologies 31

2.5 Cash Crops Production 33

CHAPTER THREE 34

METHODOLOGY 34

3.0 Introduction 34

3.1 Research design 34

3.2 Research Population 34

3.3 Sampling and Sample Size 34

3.4 Sampling Procedure 34

3.5 Study Population 35

3.6 Sample selection 35

3.7 Data Collection 35

3.8 .1 Research Instruments 36

3.8.2. Interview guide 36