ABSTRACT
Development programs designed to address particular global challenges are facing
increasing pressure to demonstrate their impact on the targeted com munities.
The method mostly used to measure impact of development programs is
by comparing the changes in outcomes of the program participants over time
commonly know as before-and-after comparison. However, in some cases, the
treatment and control groups are usually heterogeneous at baseline, making the
difference in difference (DiD) method the most appropriate as it accounts for the
changes that would have occurred in the absence of the program. The aim of the
project was to evaluate if ’Fruiting Africa Project (FAP)’, an agroforestry project
implemented by World Agroforestry Centre (ICRAF), made a difference in the
livelihoods of beneficiaries. A sample of 300 households were randomly selected
from the baseline sample of 600 households and questions of farm fruit tree diversity
and abundances, food and nutrition security indicators, and knowledge on
fruit tree grafting techniques. The Difference in Difference (DiD) method showed
that there was significant change in the trend for the number of total and exotic
fruit tree abundances from baseline to endline between the control and treatment
groups for both Western and Lower Eastern Kenya. However, indigenous fruit
tree abundances only had significant change in trend from baseline to endline only
in Lower Eastern but not in Western Kenya. Total, exotic and indigenous fruit
tree diversities had significant change in trend between control and treatment
groups from baseline to endline in Lower Eastern, but not in Western Kenya.
The percentage of respondents who had grafted a fruit tree significantly changed
between control and treatment from baseline and endline in Western, however,
not the same case for Lower Eastern Kenya. Regarding the dietary diversity
variables, there was no significant change in dietary diversities between control
and treat ment groups from baseline to endline. In summary, the impact of the
projects’ interventions were different across the different sites and the findings in
this study could contribute towards developing better programs that enhance the
livelihoods of smallholder farmers.
MWANGI, K (2021). Difference In Difference Method To Impact Evaluation: A Case Study Of Fruiting Africa Project. Afribary. Retrieved from https://track.afribary.com/works/difference-in-difference-method-to-impact-evaluation-a-case-study-of-fruiting-africa-project
MWANGI, KEN "Difference In Difference Method To Impact Evaluation: A Case Study Of Fruiting Africa Project" Afribary. Afribary, 07 May. 2021, https://track.afribary.com/works/difference-in-difference-method-to-impact-evaluation-a-case-study-of-fruiting-africa-project. Accessed 05 Nov. 2024.
MWANGI, KEN . "Difference In Difference Method To Impact Evaluation: A Case Study Of Fruiting Africa Project". Afribary, Afribary, 07 May. 2021. Web. 05 Nov. 2024. < https://track.afribary.com/works/difference-in-difference-method-to-impact-evaluation-a-case-study-of-fruiting-africa-project >.
MWANGI, KEN . "Difference In Difference Method To Impact Evaluation: A Case Study Of Fruiting Africa Project" Afribary (2021). Accessed November 05, 2024. https://track.afribary.com/works/difference-in-difference-method-to-impact-evaluation-a-case-study-of-fruiting-africa-project