Water based metalworking fluids must be properly mixed and maintained in the proper concentration range to maximize performance. When fluid concentrate and water are mixed to charge the machine’s fluid reservoir or central system, the fluid concentration must be tested to insure that the starting concentration is correct. The concentration can be measured with a refractometer, test strips or a chemical titration method. Concentration may be expressed as a percentage or as a ratio of the am...
ABSTRACT | A major disadvantage with fixed modulation (nonadaptive) on channels with varying signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is that the bit-error-rate (BER) probability performance is changing with the channel quality. Most applications require a certain maximum BER and there is normally no reason for providing a smaller BER than required. An adaptive modulation scheme, on the contrary, can be designed to have a BER which is constant for all channel SNRs. The spectral efficiency of the f...
Abstract— The IEEE 802.16 standard, also known as WiMAX, has emerged as an exciting technology for broadband wireless communications with potentials to offer high throughput and support high bandwidth demanding applications. WiMAX, however, has yet to prove its effectiveness when the end terminals are not fixed and have the capacity to move from one place to another at different speeds. Recent studies suggest that while WiMAX (802.16e) has the potential to deliver a data rate up to 75 Mb/s ...
TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ABSTRACT ……………………………………………………………………………..iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS……..………………………………………………………..iv LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS………………………………………………………….…vii SECTION 1. INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………….…….1 2. DEFINITION OF A COGNITIVE RADIO………………..…….……………4 3. OPERATIO...
The saturated liquid density deviations were compared using the PR, RSK (Advanced), AGA8, and GERG2008 EoSes. The bubble pressure deviations, saturated liquid densities, isobaric specific heat capacities, and enthalpy of vaporization were compared using the PR, RSK (Advanced) and GERG2008 EoSes. The GERG2008 EoS was used to analyse the effect of nitrogen and heavy alkanes on the thermophysical properties of LNG mixtures. Experimental density data was used to compare the accuracy of the Revi...
ABSTRACT The Airbeetle-18 unmanned Aircraft is an Aircraft design for the purpose of surveillance following the fact that the parent Airbeetle-18 has almost reached the end of its life time. Hence, there is need to convert it to an unmanned aircraft in other to extend its service life time. A comprehensive literature review was carried out on Telemetry and power system design and the previous work done as it pertains to aircraft in Airbeetle-18 category. Furthermore, system requirement ana...
ABSTRACTStudies were carried out to determine the haematological characteristics of Clarias gariepinus healthy specimens were obtained from Gubi dam. Blood sample ranging between 1.0-1.5ml were taken with the aid of sterilized syringe (21G) inserted by caudal vein puncture. The haematological parameters for each blood specimen were measured using automated haematological analyzer (sysmex Kx 21N; 000758 model). Blood biochemical analysis to determine plasma albumin, glucose, protein, sodi...
By definition, penetrant testing (PT) is the resurgence of a liquid (or a gas) from a discontinuity in which it had previously been introduced during a penetration operation. A logical extension of the visual examination, this method makes it possible to detect discontinuities opened to the surface of the controlled part in the form of colored or fluorescent indications, respectively observed against a white background or on a black background. PT comes in four phases, the first of which is...
ABSTRACT The research titled extraction and characterization of watermelon seed oil was carried to investigate the effect that different drying methods, solvents and seed size would have on the quality and quantity of oil from watermelon (Citrilus lanatus) seeds. The watermelon seeds were removed from the pod and washed. The sample was weighed and divided into two equal parts; one part was subjected to sun drying while the other part was subjected to oven drying (at a temperature of 30 oC). D...
ABSTRACT Nigeria is the most populous Black race country in Africa and in the world with a total land area of 983,213 km2 occupied by over 160 Million people: The interaction of these millions of people with their environment has left indelible mark on the landscape. Urbanization, deforestation, flooding, desertification, over population and all kinds of pollution are some of the resultant effects of man’s interaction with his environment. These changes result from the populace attempt to ...
Nigeria has plenty of Agricultural waste products such as coconut fibre, rice husk, corn cob and oil palm frond fibre. If the waste cannot be disposed properly it, will lead to social and environmental problem.The selection of coconut fibre in this study is a good effort in order to reduce a bulk of coconut fibre waste in Nigeria, according to a survey that was conducted by Ministry of Agricultural, Malaysia (Hisbany, 2005). There will be a huge amount of waste with these huge plantations. ...
ABSTRACT This experiment is to design PID controller to supervise and control the speed response of a DC motor and MATLAB program is used for calculation and simulation. PID controllers are widely used in an industrial plants because of their simplicity and robustness. Industrial processes are subjected to variation in parameters and parameter perturbations; hence, PID controllers that can provide good closed-loop response characteristics are chosen. TABLE OF CONTENT Abstract ..................
Abstract This project work centered on construction of 12V/10A solar charge controller that is needed in photovoltaic system to safely charge regulate and discharge of sealed lead acid battery through DC load. Solar charge controller is devices that regulate solar photovoltaic power and prevent overcharging, over discharging or overflow of current that reduces the lifespan, durability and performance of the battery. The12v/10A solar charge controller was constructed using variable resistor, ...
INTRODUCTION TO NANOTECHNOLOGY Nanotechnology has gained ground in the twenty-first century and is rapidly growing due to the ability to manipulate and harness properties of assemblies that are at the nanosize scale of biomolecules. Bionanotechnology is defined by science’s growing ability to work at the molecular level, atom by atom, combining biological materials and the rules of physics, chemistry and genetics to create tiny synthetic structures [1]. The end result of nanotechnology...
ABSTRACT The paper discusses the solar energy potentials and drawbacks as sustainable alternative energy source for Nigeria, the numerous issues involved in harnessing solar energy and clearly articulates a road map to enable Nigeria tap into this huge potential. Research indicate that, Nigeria lying in the tropics, receives abundant sunshine where about 1500PJ (about 258 million barrels of oil equivalent) could be available to Nigeria annually from solar energy if solar appliances with 5% c...