Environmental Chemistry Research Papers/Topics

BIOSORBENT EFFICACY OF RAW AND ACID TREATED COFFEE (COFFEA ARABICA L.) HUSKS ON THE REMOVAL OF REACTIVE CONGO RED DYE

Abstract: Biosorption is the most promising technique to decolorize, separate, and pre-concentrate liquid and gaseous mixtures to facilitate the removal of harmful chemicals because of its efficacy, easy operation, non-toxicity, and mild reaction condition. The present study was carried out to assess the efficacy of coffee husk in the biosorption of reactive Congo red dye. Coffee husk samples were collected from coffee shop in Harar City, Ethiopia. The biosorbent materials were prepared from...

SYNTHESIS OF BIOCARBON FROM Lantana camara L. LEAVES AND SEEDS FOR THE REMOVAL OF HEAVY METALS FROM WASTEWATER

Abstract: Biomaterials have been used as biosorbents either in raw or chemically modified forms. The main aim of the present research work was to synthesize activated biocarbon from leaves and seeds of Lantana camara as biosorbent of heavy metals from wastewater effluent. The biocarbon was functionally characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). The biosorbent potential of the biocarbon material was determined based on removal of heavy metal contaminants. The florifarm water sample ...

Pollution status of shooting range soils from Cd, Cu, Mn, Ni and Zn found in ammunition

Abstract: Evaluation of concentration of heavy metals found in shooting range soil is important in assessing the pollution risk posed to biota. Soil samples from five shooting ranges found in Botswana were used in this study. All the five shooting ranges accumulated high concentration of Cu ranging from 67.4 ± 0.05 mg/kg to 1569 ± 13 mg/kg followed by Mn (25.9 ± 0.1–953.8 ± 2.8 mg/kg). Pollution risk indices were used to quantify the environmental pollution risk posed by the differ- en...

A phytolith supported biosphere-hydrosphere predictive model for southern Ethiopia: insights into paleoenvironmental changes and human landscape preferences since the last glacial maximum

Abstract: During the past 25 ka, southern Ethiopia has undergone tremendous climatic changes, from dry and relatively cold during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM, 25–18 ka) to the African Humid Period (AHP, 15–5 ka), and back to present-day dry conditions. As a contribution to better understand the effects of climate change on vegetation and lakes, we here present a new Predictive Vegetation Model that is linked with a Lake Balance Model and available vegetation-proxy records from southern...

Calibration of the SPEARpesticides bioindicator for cost-efective pesticide monitoring in East African streams

Abstract: Background: Pesticides are washed from agricultural felds into adjacent streams, where even short-term exposure causes long-term ecological damage. Detecting pesticide pollution in streams thus requires the expensive monitor ing of peak concentrations during run-of events. Alternatively, exposure and ecological efects can be assessed using the SPEARpesticides bioindicator that quantifes pesticide-related changes in the macroinvertebrate community compo sition. PEARpesticides has be...

Biodiesel Production From Candlenut And Calodendrum Capense Seeds: Process Design And Technological Assessment

Abstract: This project was based on biodiesel production from candlenut and calodendrum capense seeds using conventional and biotechnological technique and determination of the oil yields and biodiesel quality. The driving force for large-scale use of biodiesel has been the need to reduce the harmful emissions that result from the burning of petroleum oil as well as our dependence on diminishing reserves of petroleum oil. The aim of the study was to extract oil from Candlenut tree and Calode...

REMEDIATION OF SOIL POLLUTION

Remediation is the process of addressing and resolving problems or issues to make a situation better. In essence, remediation is about taking steps to rectify or improve a situation by addressing its root causes or issues. It's a proactive process that aims to make things right or better than they were before a problem or challenge arose Soil remediation is the process of cleaning, restoring, or improving the quality of soil that has been contaminated or degraded by various pollutants. This ...

Ambient Air Quality and Noise Assessment in Eleme Communities, Rivers State, Nigeria

Problems caused by ambient air pollution on human and the environment can be averted by steadily and strictly monitoring of the concentrations of outdoor pollutants. Human activities have triggered changes in the earths atmosphere. In this research, 7(Seven) selected Eleme communities, 4(four) zones in each community and 28(Twenty eight) sampling points in all locations were assessed for the concentrations of CO, SO2 , NO2 , NO, CO2 , SPM, O2 , noise level and as well Meteorological param...

Source identification, pollution status, and ecological risk assessment of heavy metals contamination in a highly populated unplanned industrial area (Wadi El-Qamar), Alexandria, Egypt

Based on the contents of heavy metals (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mo, Mn, Pb, and Zn) in 22 road dust samples, the urban environmental quality of Wadi El-Qamar area was evaluated. It is a residential area suffering from unplanned industrial activities, overpopulation, and uncontrolled urbanization. Heavy metal sources and geochemical associations were deciphered using a multivariate statistical approach, while the contamination degree and ecological risks were identified using various pollution indices....

Optical Photocatalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Using Lignocellulose Modified TiO2

This paper reports the photo-catalytic activity and stability of Lignocellulose/TiO2nanoparticles (NPs) was evaluated through using the decomposition of methylene blue (MB) as a testing model reaction under visible light irradiation (λmax> 420nm). The modified (NPs) (pH = 6.94 - 6.97) photocatalyst material was dried for 24 hours at the temperature of 80°C and calcinated at 400°C for 2 hours through constant air flow. The degradation of MB was performed using 250 Watt xenon lamp within...

Adsorption and Kinetic Optimization Study of Acetic Acid from Aqueous Solutions Using Activated Carbon Developed from Vernonia amygdalina Wood

In this study, the adsorption of Acetic acid from an aqueous solution is investigated using activated charcoal prepared from Bitter leaf (Vernonia amygdalina) that is activated by tap water. Carbonizations at different activation temperature with constant flow of air are used to examine for accepted accessibility of sorbent material. The optimum  conditions obtained from this batch adsorption experiments highest adsorption capacity is recorded at activation temperature=400°C, contact ti...

Carbothermal Reduction Synthesis of Eggshell-Biochar Modified with Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron/Activated Carbon for Remediation of Soil Polluted with Lead and Cadmium

Pollution of soil with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) has been gaining researchers’ attention because of their adverse health effects on the safety of the food chain and environmental health. Hence, their immobilization in the soil is of great interest to environmental scientists globally. In this study, eggshell-biochar modified with nanoscale zerovalent iron/activated carbon (ESB-nZVI/AC) were synthesized via carbothermal reduction synthesis and compared their immobilization efficiency at...

Health and Environmental Effects of Burning Plastic

Plastic is a material consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organics that are malleable and can be molded into solid objects of diverse shapes. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass, but they often contain other substances. They are usually synthetic, most commonly derived from petrochemicals, but many are partially natural (LPP, 2011). Plasticity is the general property of all materials that are able to irreversibly deform without breaking,...

Copper and Iron Distribution in Soil Profiles and Some Selected Vegetables of Saje and Sango Dump Sites

The current study was designed for determination of copper and iron and some physicochemical properties of soils collected from two selected dumpsites (Saje and Sango) in Ogun State, Nigeria by digging two depths of about 125cm. Samples were taken at different depth intervals of 25cm (i.e 0-25, 25-50, 50-75, 75-100 and 100-125cm). The soil were analyzed for physicochemical parameters such as Organic carbon, Organic matter, Soil pH, Electrical conductivity, Particle size, Cation Exhangeable Ca...

Adsorption Kinetics of Toxic Metals from Brewery Waste Water Using Adsorbent Prepared from Borassus aethiopum

A comparative study was carried out on the remediation of brewery effluent (Beff) using derived adsorbent (Untreated and treated) and commercial activated carbon. Preliminary study and characterization of the brewery effluent, derived adsorbent and commercial activated carbon was recorded, with result showing physico-chemical properties of the effluent falls within, lower and higher than discharge limit outlined by NESREA and WHO. Result of the physico-chemical and instrumental character...


1 - 15 Of 49 Results