Abstract/Overview Heat flows in the direction of decreasing temperature, that is, from hot to cool. In this paper we derive the heat equation and consider the flow of heat along a metal rod. The rod allows us to consider the temperature, u(x,t), as one dimensional in x but changing in time, t.
Abstract: Multilevel multi-leader multi-follower games address compromises among multiple interacting decision agents within a hierarchical system in which multiple followers are involved at each lower-level unit and more than one decision maker (multiple leaders) are involved in the upper-level. The leaders' decisions are affected not only by reactions of the followers but also by various relationships among the leaders themselves. In general, multiple-leaders multiple-followers (MLMF) game...
Abstract: We introduce a new method to compute plant distribution in Ethiopia under paleoclimatic conditions using fuzzy logic. Using a published map of the potential vegetation for Ethiopia we decipher the boundary conditions for the main vegetation units shown, reflecting modern climatic conditions for temperature and precipitation in this region. Fuzzy logic using these climatic values on a GIS platform then derived the computational map of the potential vegetation. Comparing it with the ...
Ebola Virus Disease is one of the deadliest infectious diseases that has increased both mortality and morbidity rates primarily on the African continent. The aim of this report is to use mathematical modeling and analysis in controlling the spread of this disease. In this study, a mathematical model which represents the transmission and control processes of Ebola Virus Disease among human and vector hosts is developed. The Well-Posedness, Equilibrium States (i.e Disease Free Equilibrium and E...
ABSTRACT Various studies have indicated that the collection phase of solid wastes, which comprises of the initial col- lection at the source of generation and the transportation to the disposal sites, is by far the most expensive. Two fundamental issues of concern in solid waste collection are the locations of initial collection and the period of collection by the dedicated vehicles. However, considering the prevailing conditions of adhoc lo- cation of waste containers and the faulty roads in...
ABSTRACT In this work, the classical Black-Scholes model for stock option valuation on the basis of some stochastic dynamics was considered. As a result, a stock option val- uation model with a non-_xed constant drift coe_cient was derived. The classical Black-Scholes model was generalised via the application of the Constant Elasticity of Variance Model (CEVM) with regard to two cases: case one was without a dividend yield parameter while case two was with a dividend yield parameter. In both ...
Abstract This study utilized combination of phase plots,time Steps distribution and adaptive time steps Runge-Kutta and fifth order algorithms to investigate a harmonically Duffing oscillator.The object is to visually compare fourth and fifth order Runge-Kutta algorithm performance as took for seeking the chaotic solutions of a harmonically excited Duffing oscillator.Though fifth order algorithms favours higher time steps and as such faster to execute than fourth order for all studied cases.T...
I observed my Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme at Nigerian Institute of Social and Economic Research (NISER), Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria. During my SIWES, I was able to learn how to make use of some complex statistical (computational) packages in coding and analyses of data, either primary data or secondary data. And I also learned how to interpret analyzed data for end users. Furthermore, I saw the practical applications of Mathematics to solve problems in organizations, companie...
The linear multi-step method in this work is established to be a numeric fixed point iterative method for solving the initial value problem. Such that when βk ̸= 0, the method is called implicit or otherwise, it is called an explicit method. In section one, preliminaries of the linear multi-step methods bordering on the truncation errors and consistency conditions were discussed while section two is devoted to theoretical presentation of the usual Hamming’s method as a fixed point iterati...
Before the 1950s, logistics was thought of in military terms. It had to do with procurement, maintenance, and transportation of military facilities, material, and personnel. The study and practice of physical distribution and logistics emerged in the 1960s and 1970s. Logistics cost in the U.S. accounted for 15% of the gross national product and on an individual firm level, they could be as high as 32%. In the 1990s, a new name emerges: “supply chain management”. This name took the logisti...
The Hamiltonian approach for constrained optimization is indeed a useful tool in the hands of the economists, scientists and statisticians who applied it in the modelling of optimization problems. It can be noted that the treatise in this research work is an eye opener for a better understanding, application and utilization of the method as we exploit its vitality to solving optimization problems. Though, the approach seems to be a derived approach from existed ones but also intensified a g...
The study of traffic models has given rise to many models with the aim of realistically determining the behavior of traffic. The dynamics of the macroscopic traffic flow is modeled by a partial differential equation, where the object of study is to determine the density of traffic flow. We derived a second order macroscopic traffic flow model equation from a first order one using the Fick’s law of diffusion. We formulated second order macroscopic traffic flow model equation with a sourc...
ABSTRACT In this project work, we studied the Adams-Bashforth scheme for solving initial value problems. We gave an indebt explanation on the Adam-Bashforth scheme, its consistency, stability, and convergence, the two and three step methods were also derived. Numerical solutions were obtained using four (4) examples. TABLE OF CONTENTS Cover page i ...
This paper investigates the efficacy of the shooting method and finite difference method in the numerical solution of two point boundary value non linear problems. The difficulty in providing exact solutions to two point boundary value problems via analytical methods necessitated the study. The shooting method which utilizes the Runge-Kutta method as integrator provides us with a better approximation to the solution than the finite difference method which utilizes second order, central differ...