Abstract: The rising global population pressure generates challenges to fulfill food requirements for the coming generations in adequate amounts. This suggests that the human population cannot continue to be entirely dependent on crops, animal husbandry and fisheries for food. Instead, efforts should be made to enhance the production of other potential alternative sources of food. To this end the current study has been undertaken to evaluate the production of single cell protein (SCP) from A...
Abstract: Enzymes are biological catalysts, which initiate and speed up thousands of biochemical reactions in living cells. Among industrially important enzymes, amylases, protease and cellulases are getting more attention and importance because these enzymes have wide applications in many fields. For instance, amylases are used in various industries such as food, detergent, paper, textile, beverage, pharmaceutical and fine-chemical industries. Thermophiles are a potent source of thermos enz...
Abstract: The study was conducted to evaluate and characterize cultured Dhanaan (camel milk fermented using commercial starter cultures) with the following objectives; evaluation of the microbial safety of traditionally fermented Dhanaan, evaluation of the acidification activities of commercial starter cultures in camel milk, proteomic/peptidomics characterization of cultured Dhanaan and aromatic characterization of cultured Dhanaan. Shotgun metagenomic approach of 16S rRNA gene amplicon was...
Abstract: Most rural populations in developing countries use surface water which is turbid in appearance and contaminated with human feces which needs treatment. Even if there are synthetic chemicals that can reduce turbidity and pathogenic organisms from drinking water, they are neither cost effective nor eco-friendly. Instead, natural coagulants are eco-friendly solutions with minimum health risks if properly tested and promoted to be used by community dependent on such unsafe water source...
Abstract: Frequent use of antibiotics to stimulate growth and health of animals is becoming a common animal production practice. However, this leads to the development of antibiotic-resistant populations of microorganisms. In this context, alternatives like herbs and spices to antibiotics are of importance, as they are natural products. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to (1) evaluate the effects of Lepidium sativum (Garden cress, GC, Experiment I) and Capsicum frutescens (Hot red pe...
Abstract: The experiment was conducted at Haramaya University compound, to evaluate three beneficial local microorganism (BLM) harvesting protocols and the effect of application rate and ensiling period of barley straw (BS) with beneficial local microorganism solution on its silage quality. The three procedures Niva, Rodrigueze and Davenport were used for production of beneficial local microorganism solution with three replication in a completely randomized design for each treatment (procedu...
Abstract: The study was conducted in Selale-Addis, Ambo-Woliso, and Adama-Asela milk sheds in Ethiopia with the objective to investigate milk postharvest losses, their causes, mitigation strategies, physicochemical, compositional, microbial quality, and safety of raw milk, and their effects on household income and per capita milk consumption in the study area. The three milk sheds were purposively selected based on their potential for milk production, whereas households were selected randoml...
Abstract: Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) have been globally considered emerging environmental contaminants that pose a serious concern to human health and the ecosystem. The ubiquitous nature of ARB and ARGs among pathogens from wastewater effluents, indicate that wastewater treatment facilities are major reservoirs for antibiotic resistance determinants, thus contributing to the widespread dissemination of antibiotic resistance. The primary object...
Abstract: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is regarded as a global health threat, characterized by rising resistant bacteria and rapid development of resistance genes to existing antibiotics used in clinical and veterinary settings. AMR has negative impacts and affects human, animal, and the environment. In Botswana, Africa, AMR is not well understood, particularly in rural settings with poor sanitation. The misuse and overuse of commonly used antibiotics like ß-lactam antibiotics, combi...
Abstract: Aerobic moderately thermophilic and thermophilic methane-oxidizing bacteria make a substantial contribution in the control of global warming through biological reduction of methane emissions and have a unique capability of utilizing methane as their sole carbon and energy source. Here, we report a novel moderately thermophilic Methylococcus-like Type Ib methanotroph recovered from an alkaline thermal spring (55.4 °C and pH 8.82) in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. The isolate, designate...
Abstract: Gaet’ale (GAL) and Mud’ara (MUP) are two hypersaline ponds located in the Danakil Depression recharged by underground water from the surrounding highlands. These two ponds have different pH, salinity, and show variation in the concentration of many ionic components. Metagenomic analysis concludes that GAL is dominated by bacteria as in the case of the other hypersaline and acidic ponds in the Danakil Depression. However, Archaea dominated the ponds of MUP. In the current study,...
Abstract: Some entomopathogenic fungi species, Isaria fumosorosea, and Hirsutella citriformis were found to be efficient against the Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae). However, the susceptibility to these fungi increases when the psyllid infected with Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), which is transmitted by D. citri and causes citrus greening disease. In this study, we examined the Las-infected and Las-uninfected D. citri susceptibility to entomopa...
Abstract: The inoculation methods, the fungal strains, and several other factors are known to influent the success of fungal entomopathogens colonization in plants. The physiological status of the plant could also be another determinant. In the present study, the ability of three strains of Beauveria bassiana and one strain of Metarhizium anisopliae to successfully colonize Citrus limon plants and the influence of seedling age on endophytic colonization success was examined. Three, 4, and 6 ...
Abstract: Campylobacter species have developed resistance to existing antibiotics. The development of alternative therapies is, therefore, a necessity. This study evaluates the susceptibility of Campylobacter strains to selected natural products (NPs) and frontline antibiotics. Two C. jejuni strains (ATCC® 33560TM and MT947450) and two C. coli strains (ATCC® 33559TM and MT947451) were used. The antimicrobial potential of the NPs, including plant extracts, essential oils, and pure phytochem...
Abstract: Utilization of Ruspolia differens Serville as functional food ingredient is rapidly gaining popularity. This study evaluated the nutrient quality, microbial safety and consumers’ acceptability of cereal-based cookies fortified with various processed products of R. differens meals. Cookies fortified with blanched, boiled, and toasted R. differens meals had higher protein, fat and energy levels, respectively, than the control cookies. Enrichment of cookies with differentially proce...