Abstract The objectives of this study are two folds: firstly to explore the magnitude of catastrophic expenditure, and secondly to determine its contributing factor,s including the protective impact of the voluntary community based health insurance schemes in Tanzania. The study covered 274 respondents. Study findings have shown that the estimated poverty line was Tsh.35,064.6 (US$21.25). Of the sampled respondents, 30.3% experienced catastrophic expenditure in the range of 10-20% of their c...
ABSTRACT This thesis uses the fifth and sixth rounds of the Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS) conducted in 2005-2006 and 2012-2013, respectively, to examine the themes of education, inequality and earnings in Ghana. Three key objectives are pursued. The first objective is to assess how educational attainment, measured by the average years of schooling, relates to inequality in education. The second objective is to examine how education influences inequality in earnings through an assessme...
ABSTRACT The importance of economic growth and development for social welfare improvement cannot be overemphasized. For this reason, every country across the globe, especially, the developing and less developed ones, are making every effort necessary to develop and provide their citizens with an improved standard of living. These efforts include opening up their economies more to the rest of the world through international trade, capital flows and cooperation. Therefore, exchange rate policy...
ABSTRACT The study examines the nature of food Engel curve using total expenditure as a proxy for income. The Working-leser and the quadratic specifications of Engel’s model are employed and modified to include certain demographic characteristics of households. The study uses secondary data from the last four rounds of the Ghana Living Standard Survey. Results from the study show a significant relationship between budget share of food and total expenditure. The budget share of food also va...
Abstract This paper examined the position and roles of current secondary education planning towards achievement of the new framework of industrial economy in the context of Tanzania. The paper focused on examining: i) the contribution of secondary school graduates towards industrial economy; ii) the influence of modern industrialization in the rural development within the framework of five year development plan 2016-2020 and iii) the role of industrialization process in plummeting rural-urban...
ABSTRACT Existence of Post-harvest loss is still a threat that does not only affect the state of food security, but also significantly compromises the livelihood of the majority. To mitigate this different stakeholder from the government and non-governmental institutions have put several programs to popularize loss reduction innovations specifically at the storage level. Among the initiatives introduced enhanced knowledge and training on the use of metal silo and hermetic bags. Despite the ef...
ABSTRACT This paper analyzes the impact on income distribution and inequality in Tanzania from the changes to indirect tax policies using the standard static microsimulation model TAZMOD v1.8. The simulations model two indirect tax reforms involving changes to the excise duty and the VAT rate of alcoholic drink and tobacco products as well as changes to the National Health Insurance Fund employers and employees ' contributions. The first reform results have a positive impact on government tax...
ABSTRACT This study analyses the Effects of Industrialization on Tanzania’s Economic growth: A Case of Manufacturing Sector. Due to recently controversial literatures on manufacturing as an engine to economic growth or not, the study adapt a VAR model to examine the underlying effects of industrialization (manufacturing) on Tanzania economic growth from 1970 to 2017 period using yearly time series data by using the Granger Causality test and OLS method. The empirical results indicate that m...
ABSTRACT Tax is the major source of revenues in both developed and developing countries like Tanzania. This study sought to investigate small scale entrepreneurs’ willingness to pay tax at enhancing Local Government revenue collection taking a case of Dodoma city council. Specifically, the study analyzed attitudes of small scale entrepreneurs on tax payment, assessed small scale entrepreneurs’ knowledge on tax system applied by the local government and investigated factors affecting tax p...
ABSTRACT Education expenditure is trusted to be one of the key priorities towards economic growth and welfare improvement. The Tanzanian government believes that the improvement in economic growth and living standard of the people can be achieved through increase in public education expenditure. However, despite the efforts of improving the quality and access to education in Tanzania, there is still no clear understanding of quantitative effects of education expenditure on economic growth and...
ABSTRACT The key aim of this thesis was to analyse the relationship among exports, foreign direct investments, government spending and economic development in Tanzania. The specific objectives of the study aimed to examine the effect of exports on economic growth in Tanzania; to inspect the relationship among foreign direct investments on economic growth, and to test the relationship between government spending (Gross national expenditure) and economic growth. Additionally, the research quest...
ABSTRACT The literatures show that, until recently, Tanzania’s poverty indices have been calculated using an income approach only. Therefore, this study aimed at covering the existing gap of measuring poverty in multidimensional way. The main objective of the study was to calculate the multidimensional poverty index of Tanzania. Specifically, the study intended to determine non-monetary deprivation levels in Tanzania; to examine the determinants of multidimensional poverty; and to determin...
ABSTRACT The study analyzed the impact of fiscal and monetary policies on economic growth and stability in Tanzania. The study questioned mechanisms that make one policy more effective than the other and traced efficient way of using these policies; which most prior empirical works did not mention. The study filled this gap in literature by analyzing fiscal adjustments of revenue and spending; comparing effects of money supply and interest rate; and finally deriving an optimal policy – mix...
Abstract: This paper analyses the impacts of indirect tax policy reforms on income distribution and poverty in Tanzania by applying a standard static microsimulation model TAZMOD v1.8. The simulations model two indirect tax reforms involving changes to the excise duty and value-added tax rates on alcoholic beverages and tobacco products, and changes to employers’ and employees’ contributions to the National Health Insurance Fund. The results of the first reform find a positive effect on g...
Abstract This study examines the effect of social capital on willingness to pay (WTP) for health services provided through community based health insurance schemes (Community Health Fund) in Tanzania. The study covered 274 household heads. We use probit regression analysis to model the relationship between the predictors and our outcome variable. Our results have shown that with the exception of religion, all other social capital variables have a positive and significant impact on the WTP fo...