For developing countries like Nigeria, empirical evidence have shown they are faced with policy management challenge because they are mostly involved in the production and export of primary products which is often characterized by unfavorable terms of trade. The essence of this study therefore is to ascertain if trade and exchange rate policies complement each other in stimulating non-oil exports, especially the agricultural and manufacturing sectors, using both aggregated and disaggregate...
It is believed that the increasing urban population has led to rapid forest decline and degradation of the environment. This paper examines the impact of urban population growth on environmental sustainability using Nigeria data from 1981-2017. The variables used are urban population growth, fossil fuel consumption, carbon emissions, food production index, arable land, and agricultural raw material exports with renewable energy consumption and forest reserves as explanatory variables. Autoreg...
The purpose of this paper is to develop and apply a distributional impact assessment methodology to empirically analyze distributional impact of public expenditure on human development. For robustness of the analysis, expenditure on education, health, agriculture, rural development, energy, housing, environmental protection and portable water resources are employed as predictors of human development. The result reveals that expenditure on education, health, agriculture, rural development ...
This paper analyzed the effects sectoral public spending on human development in Nigeria using data from 20 states for the period1999-2012. Data on each state were generated from various issues of the Accountant-Generals’ Reports, Central Bank of Nigeria Annual Report and Statement of Accounts and United Nations Development Programme Reports. For robustness of the analysis, total, recurrent and capital public spending on education, health, agriculture, rural development, energy, housing, en...
Towards the acceleration of the attainment of sustainable growth, most countries have focused on agricultural exports as a means of driving their economy. Developing countries of Africa are highly dependent on the agricultural sector and agricultural exports are a major determinant of economic growth of these countries. However, the impact of agricultural exports on economic growth of ECOWAS countries remains unclear. This study therefore evaluates the impact of agricultural exports on the ec...
Infrastructural development has been the major concern of countries all over the world due to its significant impact in fostering growth. In Nigeria, it has been observed that the level of infrastructure posed serious threat to attaining sustained growth. This study therefore examines the impact of capital expenditure on infrastructural development in Nigeria, utilising time series from 1970 to 2017. The study adopted autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model due to the possibility of the p...
This study investigates the extent to which environmental hazards affect life expectancy in Africa using Nigeria time series spanning from 1960 to 2017. The study adopted generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (GARCH) model in estimating the total number of 58 (years) observations to ensure robustness in the estimation results. The estimation results show that environmental hazards in terms of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission from solid fuel consumption reduce life expecta...
This paper examines the role of structural change in the asymmetric adjustment of retail energy prices following changes in crude oil costs. The paper also examines the pattern of adjustment in retail energy prices when exchange rate is accounted for as part of the marginal cost of importing crude oil in European countries with high oil import dependency ratio. The paper shows that the results of Greenwood-Nimmo and Shin (2013) no longer hold when the structural change in the relationship bet...
Abstract The existence of trade-off between unemployment and inflation in Nigeria has remained a controversial issue. While some scholars argue in favour of its existence others claimed Philips curve is nothing but an illusion. This study therefore contributes to the existing literature by trying to find out if there is trade-off between unemployment and inflation in Nigeria using a time series data from 1991-2014.the ordinary least squares (OLS) technique and granger causality test were used...
The global income distribution highlights the extraordinarily high degree of inequality. The average income of the top 20% of the world’s population is about 50 times the average income of the bottom 20% (HDR 2005). Kenya’s top 10% households control 42% of the total income while the bottom 10% controls less than 1% (SID, 2004). Kenya’s long term development goal as indicated in its Vision 2030 is to transform the country into a middle income country with a sustainable economic growth ...
The project shows the relationship between the donated funds of both national and international NGO on under five mortality rate and life expectancy at birth.
This study investigates the role Small and Medium Scale Enterprise and Infrastructural Development in Nigeria. The basic objective of the study is to examine how infrastructure contributes to the Nigerian economic development. The use of questionnaire was employed to get the needed information from the selected population. The information gotten were therefore analyzed and interpreted in other to test the hypothesis. A total of 100 SMEs were randomly selected from Oyo Township. The responses ...
This research report studied the determinants of loan demand by the private sector in the Uganda. Employing a time series analysis using the Johansen methodology, the study identified one cointegrating relationship linking private sector demand for credit to GDP, lending rate, Broad money, Bank credit to government and risk premium of lending to the private sector hence the existence of a long run relationship between them. The long run model indicated private sector demand for credit is posi...
The ability to model a stable relationship between money and prices is fundamentally considered a necessary requirement for a monetary targeting framework. Having a stable money demand function helps to ensure that the desired impact of monetary policy is predictable. The study undertaken sought to explain the determinants of money demand in Uganda employing cointegration analysis to establish the existence of a long-run relationship between Money, income, a vector of interest rates, inflatio...