Abstract Meloidogyne incognita causes huge yield losses in rice which is the third most important cereal crop in Kenya. The aim of this study was to identify M. incognita-resistant rice cultivars from Kenya and relate the responses to known resistance pathways with OsPR1a, OsPAL1, and OsJAMYB as marker genes in rice. Five rice cultivars BW 196, Basmati 217 (Pishori), Sindano, IR 2793-80-1 (grown in lowland irrigated fields), and NERICA 4 (grown in upland rainfed fields) were evaluated for re...
Abstract Thermophiles are excellent sources of enzymes that can withstand and carry out reactions efficiently under high temperatures. This study isolated and characterised thermotolerant bacteria that produce enzymes of potential industrial value from five hot springs in Eritrea. A total of 65 bacterial isolates were obtained from the five hot springs. Out of the 65 isolates; 19 isolates produced a positive reaction for amylases, 36 for carboxymethyl cellulases, eight for proteases, 10 for ...
Abstract/Overview Temperature plays an important role in the development and survival of insects. The effects of temperature on the development of two cricket species, Acheta domesticus and Gryllus bimaculatus were determined at six constant temperatures (18, 22, 26, 30, 34 and 380C). Parameters for stage-specific development such as fecundity, weight and fat content, structural body size, sex ratio, development time, and longevity were investigated. Relative humidity, light intensity, an...
Pot and field experiments were conducted at the Nyankpala Campus of University for Development Studies from January 2020 to March 2022. The objective was to test the efficacy of peptide-based nematicide (Nemanol) and its concentration on root-knot nematodes and growth and yield of tomato in biochar amended soil. In experiment 1, the treatments which were applied in a completely randomised design (CRD) with three replications were; Soil with no biochar and no nematicide (T1), Soil with 5 ml of...
The biodiesel prepared from Restaurant Cooking Oils (RCO) using trans-esterification process as well as the influence of major operating parameters on the reaction including catalyst amount, temperature, and alcohol/oil ratio have been studied in the present paper. Experimental results showed a good effectiveness of biodiesel yield 93% based on optimum conditions catalyst 1%, alcohol/oil mass ratio 2/5 under 40°C.
Abstract: Ecological niche modelling is a method designed to describe and predict the geographic distribution of an organism. This procedure aims to quantify the species-environment relationship by describing the association between the organism’s occurrence records and the environmental characteristics at these points. More simply, these models attempt to capture the ecological niche that a particular organism occupies. A popular application of ecological niche models is to predict the po...
Abstract: Biogas is an alternative and renewable energy source produced through anaerobic digestion of organic matter. Low degradability of substrates is one of the factors that obstruct the production of biogas. With the aim of evaluating biogas yields from Calotropis procera (CP) leaves and cow dung (CD) a sequence of experiments were carried out under mesophilic conditions at 38ºC using batch digester operating for 21 days. The pre-treatments of biogas were done at 60 and 80ºC temperatu...
Abstract: Energy is one of the most important factors for human development and to global economic growth. Biogas is a mixture of gases, mainly methane and carbon dioxide, resulting from anaerobic digestion of organic matter. In this study, biogas production from co-digestion of cow manure (CM) and avocado fruit peel (AF) waste in five mix ratios (100%CM, 60%CM:40%AF, 50%CM:50%AF, 40%CM:60%AF and 100%AF) were evaluated under mesophilic condition at 38ºC using a batch mode digester in Microb...
Abstract: Biogas is a methane rich gas produced by anaerobic breakdown of organic wastes with the help of methanogenic Archaebacteria under oxygen free environment. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of Desmodium triflorum (DT) to produce biogas through anaerobic digestion alone or in combination with cow dung (CD). In this study, biogas production from co-digestion of the Desmodium triflorum with cow dung in five mix ratios was evaluated under mesophilic conditions (3...
Abstract: Biogas is an alternative and renewable energy source produced through anaerobic digestion of organic matter. The aim of this study was to obtain the optimal mix ratio for biogas production from anaerobic digestion of Parthenium weed and goat manure. The experiment was batch operated and daily gas yield from the plant was monitored for 30 days. The Parameters studied were total solids (TS), volatile solids (VS), fixed solids, organic carbon, and moisture content. For the experimenta...
Abstract: Bananas are multipurpose fruit crops which has great socio-economic importance in the world and there is a very high demand of disease free banana planting material by small and large scale farmers in Ethiopia. However, Conventional propagation methods are in general inefficient due to their low propagation rate, time consuming and disease dissemination. Thus, the objective of this experiment was to develop a proper and reproducible protocol for in vitro propagation of banana cv. G...
Abstract: Grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) is one of the most widely distributed fruit crops in the world. The availability of adequate amount of quality and disease free planting materials within a short time is the major limiting factor to attain large scale grapevine production using the conventional method of Propagation. Therefore, development of an optimal in vitro propagation technique is too much needed. The objective of this study was to develop an optimal in vitro regeneration protoco...
Abstract: Biogas technology, which is meant to produce methane rich gas through anaerobic digestion of biological materials, is an environmentally friendly technology that reduces emission of green house gases. Therefore, this research was initiated to utilize biomasses such as barley straw (BS) and goat manure (GM) for biogas production. In this study, biogas production from co-digestion of the BS and GM in five mix ratios (100%BS, 75%BS: 25%GM, 50%BS: 50%GM, 25%BS: 75%GM and 100%GM mix) we...
Abstract: Bioorganic liquid fertilizers were produced from locally available substrates like chicken manure and banana peels. It was obtained through aerobic fermentation comprises a number of growth substances, vitamins, antibiotics, amino acids and useful micro-organisms. Bioorganic liquid fertilizer increases fertility of crops and also accelerates plant maturation through improved nutrient quality. Thus, the present study was aimed to produce bioorganic liquid fertilizer from chicken man...
Abstract: Biogas is eco-friendly alternative renewable energy source produced through anaerobic digestion of organic compounds. In this study, biogas production was evaluated from Cucurbita pepo leaves (CP) and cow dung (CD) co-digestion in five mix ratios under mesophilic conditions (38ºC) using batch digesters in the Botany Laboratory of Haramaya University. Total solid(TS) and Volatile solid(VS), organic carbon, and pH were measured before and after digestion, While carbon to nitrogen ra...