Socio-economic impact of Obudu Ranch Resort on the host communities of Cross River State-Nigeria

ABSTRACT

This study examined the socio-economic impact of the Obudu Ranch Resort on the Host Communities, Cross River State-Nigeria. Data for the study were collected through questionnaire survey, interviews, field inventory and participatory rural appraisal (PPR) methods. The data generated were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as mean, percentages, averages, graphs, charts, frequencies and maps. An inferential statistics (Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient) was adopted to test the research hypothesis. The result of the analysis showd that there is a significant relationship between tourism development and the socio-economic development of the host communities (tc > tt @ 0.05% df=13). It was observed that tourism facility development in the area has impacted on the household income of the people, and that despite the rapid development of tourism facility in the area, the people are yet to benefit from tourism development in terms of sustainability. Based on the findings of this study, it was recommended that government or non-governmental organization that seeks to invest on tourism in the area, prioritizes the living condition of the people because the absence of this can undermine the peace and security necessary for the smooth running of tourism in the area. And the government should consider stepping down their effort to extend the provision of basic social amenities to adjoining villages in the area.


TABLE OF CONTENTS
Certification    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    i
Dedication    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    ii
Acknowledgements    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    iii
Abstract    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    v
Table of contents    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    vi
List of figures    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    ix
List of plates    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    x
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1    Background of the study    -    -    -    -    1
1.2    Statement of the problem    -    -    -    -    4
1.3    Aim and objectives    -    -    -    -    -    5
1.4    research question        -    -    -    -    -    5
1.5    Research hypothesis    -    -    -    -    -    6
1.6    Significance of the study    -    -    -    -    7
1.7    Scope of the study    -    -    -    -    -    7
1.8    Study area    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    8
1.9    definition of terms    -    -    -    -    -    13
CHAPTER TWO:   
2.0    THEORETICAL/CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK AND
LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1    Theoretical Framework    -    -    -    -    -    14
2.1.1    The Growth Pole Theory    -    -    -    -    14
2.2    Conceptual Framework    -    -    -    -    -    15
2.2.1    Concept of Citizen Participation    -    -    -    15
2.3    Literature review    -    -    -    -    -    -    17
2.3.1    Historical Development of Tourism in Nigeria    -    19
2.3.2    Citizen Participation and Tourism Development        21
2.3.3    Impact of Tourism on Income Generation.    -    24
2.3.4     Impact of Tourism in Employment Creation and Poverty Reduction    -    -    -    -    -    -    -    26
2.3.5    The Impact of Tourism Development on the Social Lives of the Host Communities    -    -    -    -    29
CHAPTER THREE:
3.0     RESEARCH METHODOLOGY                31
3.1    Research design    -    -    -    -    -    -    31
3.2    Types and sources of data    -    -    -    -    31
3.2.1    Sources of Data    -    -    -    -    -    -    32
3.2.2    Population and Sample Size    -    -    -    -    32
3.3    Method of data collection        -    -    -    34
3.4    Sampling Technique    -    -    -    -    -    35
3.5    Statistical method        -    -    -    -    35
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0    DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS,   
INTERPRETATION AND DISCUSSION OF RESULTS/FINDINGS
4.1    Data Presentation and Analysis     -    -    -    37
4.2    Test of hypothesis        -    -    -    -    56
4.3    Interpretation of result        -    -    -    -    58
4.4    Discussion of findings        -    -    -    -    59

CHAPTER FIVE   
SUMMARY, RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSION
5.1    Summary of major findings        -    -    -    61
5.2    Recommendations        -    -    -    -    63
5.3    Conclusion        -    -    -    -    -    -    65
References
Appendix




LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1:    Map of Nigeria showing Cross River State    -    10
Figure 2:    Map of Cross River State showing Obanliku    11
Figure 3:    Map of Obanliku showing Obudu Ranch Resort    12
Figure 4:    Multiple Bar Chart showing the number of indigenes and non-indigenes employed in the Ranch Hotel                        43
Figure 5:    Chart showing occupational distribution of people involved in tourism related activities    -    45
Figure 6:    Chart showing occupational distribution of people involved in non-tourism related activities-    46
Figure 7:    line graph showing international and domestic tourist arrival in the ranch resort    -    -    50





LIST OF PLATES
   
Plate 1:        Community Primary and Secondary School in Kegol one of the Host Communities of the Obudu Ranch Resort    53
Plate 2:        Chimpanzee in the Becheeve Nature Park    -    53
Plate 3:        The devil’s elbow in the Ranch Resort    -    -    53
Plate 4:        The Ranch Water Park    -    -    -    -    53
Plate 5:        The Obudu Ranch Hotels    -    -    -    -    53
Plate 6:        Cable Cars in the Ranch Resort    -    -    -    54
Plate 7:        Tarred road leading to Keji-Oku one of the host     communities of the Obudu ranch resort    -    54
Plate 8:        Houses in old-Ikwette    -    -    -    -    54
Plate 9:        Prototype round hot guest house in the ranch resort 56
Plate 10:        Indigenous houses in Anape    -    -    -    54
Plate 11:        An indigene of keji-Oku making handcrafts for sales 55
Plate 12:    Apah-Ajili Community. This is where most of the honey and yoghurts are produced.    -    -    -    55
Plate 13:        Children in Okpamu market one of the host
communities of The Obudu ranch resort selling farms
produce.                            55
Plate 14:        An indigene of Okpazenge-one of the host communities of the Ranch Resort smoking his red deer            55