YALIYOMO
IKIRARI NA HAKI MILIKI ....................................................................................... i
ITHIBATI YA MSIMAMIZI ..................................................................................... ii
SHUKRANI ............................................................................................................... iii
TABARUKU ............................................................................................................. iv
IKISIRI ........................................................................................................................ v
YALIYOMO .............................................................................................................. vi
VIAMBATISHO ......................................................................................................... x
ORODHA YA VIFUPISHO VILIVYOTUMIKA .................................................... xi
SURA YA KWANZA ................................................................................................ 1
UTANGULIZI ............................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Utangulizi .............................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Ufafanuzi wa Istilahi Muhimu Zilizotumika katika Utafiti Huu .......................... 1
1.2.1 Tafsiri ................................................................................................................. 1
1.2.2 Utamaduni .......................................................................................................... 1
1.2.3 Mila .................................................................................................................... 2
1.2.4 Desturi ................................................................................................................ 2
1.2.5 Riwaya ............................................................................................................... 2
1.2.6 Lugha Chanzi (LC) ............................................................................................ 2
1.2.7 Lugha Lengwa (LL) ........................................................................................... 3
1.2.8 Matini Chanzi (MC) ........................................................................................... 3
1.2.9 Matini Lengwa (ML).......................................................................................... 3
1.2.10 Mfasiri .............................................................................................................. 3
1.2.11 Fasihi Iliyotafsiriwa ......................................................................................... 3
1.3 Historia ya Tafsiri ................................................................................................. 4
1.4 Usuli wa Tatizo la Utafiti ...................................................................................... 7
1.5 Tamko la Tatizo la Utafiti ................................................................................... 10
1.6 Malengo ya Utafiti .............................................................................................. 10
1.6.1 Lengo la Jumla ................................................................................................. 10
1.6.2 Malengo Mahsusi ............................................................................................. 11
1.7 Maswali ya Utafiti ............................................................................................... 11
vii
1.8 Manufaa ya Utafiti .............................................................................................. 11
1.9 Muhtasari wa Barua Ndefu kama Hii.................................................................. 11
1.10 Historia Fupi ya Mwandishi .............................................................................. 13
1.11 Historia Fupi ya Mfasiri .................................................................................... 14
1.12 Muhtasari wa Sura ya Kwanza .......................................................................... 14
SURA YA PILI ............................................................................................................. 16
MAPITIO YA MAANDIKO NA KIUNZI CHA NADHARIA ................................... 16
2.1 Utangulizi ............................................................................................................ 16
2.2 Mapitio ya Maandiko .......................................................................................... 16
2.2.1 Maandiko Yahusuyo Tafsiri na Fasihi ya Kiswahili ........................................ 16
2.2.2 Maandiko kuhusu Tafsiri na Utamaduni .......................................................... 18
2.3 Kiunzi cha Nadharia ............................................................................................ 23
2.3.1 Nadharia ya Mifumo Fungamani ..................................................................... 23
2.3.2 Nadharia ya Skopos ......................................................................................... 25
2.4 Mapengo Yanayojitokeza Kutokana na Mapitio ya Maandiko........................... 26
2.5 Muhtasari wa Sura ya Pili ................................................................................... 27
SURA YA TATU ..................................................................................................... 28
METHODOLOJIA YA UTAFITI ............................................................................ 28
3.1 Utangulizi ............................................................................................................ 28
3.2 Usanifu wa Utafiti ............................................................................................... 28
3.3 Eneo la Utafiti ..................................................................................................... 28
3.4 Walengwa wa Utafiti........................................................................................... 29
3.4.1 Wango Tafitiwa ................................................................................................ 29
3.4.2 Usampulishaji na Sampuli ya Watafitiwa ........................................................ 29
3.5 Njia za Kukusanyia Data za Utafiti ..................................................................... 30
3.5.1 Usaili ................................................................................................................ 30
3.5.2 Udurusu wa Maandiko ..................................................................................... 31
3.6 Zana za Kukusanyia Data za Utafiti.................................................................... 31
3.6.1 Kompyuta ......................................................................................................... 31
3.6.2 Kalamu na Daftari ............................................................................................ 31
3.6.3 Simu ya Mkononi ............................................................................................. 31
viii
3.6.4 Mwongozo wa Usaili ....................................................................................... 32
3.7 Mchakato wa Ukusanyaji wa Data ...................................................................... 32
3.8 Uchanganuzi wa Data ......................................................................................... 32
3.9 Vikwazo vya Utafiti na Utatuzi Wake ................................................................ 33
3.10 Itikeli za Utafiti ................................................................................................. 33
3.11 Uhalali na Uthabiti wa Matokeo ya Utafiti ....................................................... 34
3.12 Muhtasari wa Sura ya Tatu ............................................................................... 34
SURA YA NNE ........................................................................................................ 35
UWASILISHAJI NA MJADALA WA MATOKEO YA UTAFITI ........................ 35
4.1 Utangulizi ............................................................................................................ 35
4.2 Vipengele vya Utamaduni wa Hadhira Lengwa katika Barua Ndefu kama Hii . 35
4.2.1 Masuala ya Kijamii .......................................................................................... 35
4.2.1.1 Kifo/Mazishi ................................................................................................. 36
4.2.1.2 Ndoa .............................................................................................................. 44
4.2.1.3 Malezi ............................................................................................................ 50
4.2.2 Imani za Dini .................................................................................................... 52
4.2.3 Mifumo Milo .................................................................................................... 57
4.2.3.1 Vyakula na Vinywaji..................................................................................... 58
4.2.4 Mavazi .............................................................................................................. 61
4.2.5 Matumizi ya Lugha .......................................................................................... 64
4.2.6 Mawasiliano na Utunzaji wa Kumbukumbu .................................................... 68
4.2.7 Burudani ........................................................................................................... 70
4.2.8 Matumizi ya Dawa ........................................................................................... 71
4.3 Umuhimu wa Kuzingatia Vipengele vya Utamaduni wa Hadhira Lengwa ........ 72
4.3.1 Kushawishi Wasomaji Lengwa ........................................................................ 73
4.3.2 Kuwafanya Wasomaji Kuelewa ....................................................................... 75
4.3.3 Kuepuka Ugumu wa Kupata Visawe Faafu ..................................................... 79
4.3.4 Kuepuka Mivutano ya Kitamaduni .................................................................. 80
4.4 Muhtasari wa Sura ya Nne .................................................................................. 82
ix
SURA YA TANO .................................................................................................... 83
MUHTASARI, HITIMISHO NA MAPENDEKEZO .............................................. 83
5.1 Utangulizi ............................................................................................................ 83
5.2 Muhtasari wa Tasnifu .......................................................................................... 83
5.3 Hitimisho la Tasnifu ............................................................................................ 84
5.3.1 Utoshelevu wa Nadharia Zilizotumika............................................................. 85
5.3.2 Mchango Mpya wa Utafiti Huu ....................................................................... 86
5.3.3 Mapendekezo ya Utafiti Huu ........................................................................... 86
5.3.4 Mapendekezo Kuhusu Tafiti Zijazo ................................................................. 87
MAREJELEO ........................................................................................................... 89
VIAMBATISHO ....................................................................................................... 92
JOHN, B (2021). Usawiri Wa Utamaduni Wa Hadhira Lengwa Katika Riwaya Zilizotafsiriwa Kwa Kiswahili: Mifano Kutoka Barua Ndefu Kama Hii. Afribary. Retrieved from https://track.afribary.com/works/usawiri-wa-utamaduni-wa-hadhira-lengwa-katika-riwaya-zilizotafsiriwa-kwa-kiswahili-mifano-kutoka-barua-ndefu-kama-hii
JOHN, BIRIGITHA "Usawiri Wa Utamaduni Wa Hadhira Lengwa Katika Riwaya Zilizotafsiriwa Kwa Kiswahili: Mifano Kutoka Barua Ndefu Kama Hii" Afribary. Afribary, 25 Apr. 2021, https://track.afribary.com/works/usawiri-wa-utamaduni-wa-hadhira-lengwa-katika-riwaya-zilizotafsiriwa-kwa-kiswahili-mifano-kutoka-barua-ndefu-kama-hii. Accessed 25 Dec. 2024.
JOHN, BIRIGITHA . "Usawiri Wa Utamaduni Wa Hadhira Lengwa Katika Riwaya Zilizotafsiriwa Kwa Kiswahili: Mifano Kutoka Barua Ndefu Kama Hii". Afribary, Afribary, 25 Apr. 2021. Web. 25 Dec. 2024. < https://track.afribary.com/works/usawiri-wa-utamaduni-wa-hadhira-lengwa-katika-riwaya-zilizotafsiriwa-kwa-kiswahili-mifano-kutoka-barua-ndefu-kama-hii >.
JOHN, BIRIGITHA . "Usawiri Wa Utamaduni Wa Hadhira Lengwa Katika Riwaya Zilizotafsiriwa Kwa Kiswahili: Mifano Kutoka Barua Ndefu Kama Hii" Afribary (2021). Accessed December 25, 2024. https://track.afribary.com/works/usawiri-wa-utamaduni-wa-hadhira-lengwa-katika-riwaya-zilizotafsiriwa-kwa-kiswahili-mifano-kutoka-barua-ndefu-kama-hii