The emergence of Information and Communication Technologies and knowledge economies has ushered in a paradigm shift in education. Traditional paperwork is being overtaken by electronic devices as the standard working tools in educational institutions. The need to assess the role of public secondary school principals in promoting the use and institutionalization of ICTs for teaching, learning and school management has become increasingly necessary. Principals now manage technology-mediate...
ABSTRACT The West African Examinations Council results between 2007 and 2013 revealed that students’ performance in Literature-in-English was poor despite various innovative instructional strategies employed in the teaching of the subject. Efforts which aimed at improving students’ attitude to and achievement in the subject had focused more on teacher-related than student-related variables. This study therefore investigated the extent to which student-related variables (English Language ...
ABSTRACT This study was undertaken to establish the effect of welfare on teachers’ performance in public primary schools in Bugisu sub-region. Staff welfare was regarded as the independent variable, while teachers’ performance was the dependent variable. The study was guided by five research objectives and five research questions. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional survey research design - with both qualitative and quantitative approaches, and data was collected from 559 re...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Livelihoods diversification towards off-farm employment is becoming a norm in developing countries and has some welfare effects. Hence, this study was carried out to unveil the effect of off-farm employment on three dimensions of poverty. These dimensions were farm input expenditure, exposure to income shocks and income poverty. The study adopted a cross-sectional design and was carried out in the Kilombero Valley. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire from 3...
Optical fiber in the communication system has become one of the most cabling attractive and commonly used to protection and safely and also transmission longer distance is possible also contain a large number of data rate and the demand for data communication is growing rapidly due to the increasing popularity of the internet and other factors. In order to meet the growing demands for bandwidth, However, there are some limiting factors for optical fibers during the transmission of the s...
ABSTRACT The study on which this thesis is based investigated the impact of land size and farm fragmentation on household welfare in Kilosa District. The specific objectives were to: determine factors affecting household land size, assess the effects of farm size on household income, determine the causes of farm fragmentation, and assess the effect of farm fragmentation on agricultural productivity. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, which was administered to a random samp...
Summary Polio immunization has faced challenges of refusal from care givers in recent times despite the efforts put in to ensure its success. To identify the role of service providers in this attitudinal shift, a survey describing the perception of health workers about the supplemental immun ization activities was carried out among 265 health workers who participated in the 3rd round of the 2003 sub-national immunization days in Gombe local government area (LGA) of Gombe state, Nigeria: Data...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT In Tanzania, livestock diseases, especially tick bone diseases (TBDs), impose loses to livestock in terms of mortality, decrease in production and increased costs of control measures. Among the TBDs, East Coast fever (ECF) is the most prevalent and fatal disease. The main control measure for TBDs is use of acaricides to control the vector ticks, chemotherapy of sick animals as well as immunization of cattle by the infection and treatment method (ITM). The applications of th...
ABSTRACT Research and development (R&D) organisations in Tanzania use old systematic design models that focus on the mere agro-technologies prototypes development, instead of innovation of agro-technology for diffusion. A serious gap exists in the incorporation of the agro-technologies diffusion factors in design models in R&D organisations in Tanzania. The twin valley of technology death describes the technology development failures based on business vision disregard. Technology prototypes ...
ABSTRACT Cervical cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death in women from both developed and developing countries of the world. About half a million new cases are seen worldwide each year, most occurring in developing countries where cervical cancer screening and treatment are less available and accessible. Several studies have identified various barriers to cervical screening in sub-Saharan African countries which may account for why only a few women are screening. This study aime...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Bovine mastitis remains to be the most important disease facing smallholder dairy industry in Zanzibar. Direct and indirect cost incurred during the control of clinical cases of mastitis together with prolonged subclinical mastitis reduces quantity and quality of milk produced, and hence, decrease smallholder dairy farmers’ income. This study was conducted to assess the characteristics and farm management practices of smallholder dairy cattle farming system and their rela...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT A study was initiated in the 2011/12 cropping season with a parallel experiment mounted along side in the second season to investigate the possibility of improving nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) by the maize crop in a pigeon pea groundnut intercrop-maize rotation cropping system at Chitedze Agricultural Research Station in Malawi. The parallel experiment was conducted to compare the performance of legumes over two cropping seasons. The experiments involved the planting of tw...
ABSTRACT Agriculture as a subject has been taught in Tanzania before and after independence with overall purpose being development of basic agricultural skills relevant to learners‟ home environment. Thus, this study was conducted to assess factors affecting teaching and learning of agricultural science as an optional subject in selected secondary school in Mbeya and Songwe Regions, Tanzania. Specific objectives were to: examine the current status in teaching and learning of agricultural s...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT Round potato (Solanum tuberosum L) has been an important food and cash crop in the southern highlands of Tanzania since its introduction in the 1920s. However, the extent to which it contributes to household food security was empirically unknown. Therefore, this study was conducted in Mbeya and Makete Districts to contribute to this knowledge gap. The purpose of the study was to determine the contribution of round potato production to household food security. The specific o...
EXTENDED ABSTRACT This study was conducted in Iringa Region, Southern Highlands of Tanzania. The objective was to optimize biomass under Community Based Forest Management (CBFM) in miombo woodlands for climate change mitigation and local livelihoods. By using optimization techniques with the aid of Excel solver computer software the optimization was performed. Six forest management options were created; (1) Business as usual (BAU), (2) Community Based Forest Management (CBFM), (3) total prot...