Abstract This research is focus on the adjusting of a DC motor speed, predicts and expects the next values of errors that happen and appear from the difference between the actual speed and the desire speed.As known DC motor speed is hard to stabilize and adjusting in precise way, here we dealing with and use many techniques (PWM, PID controller and grey prediction) in order to reach and achieve suitable resultsfor speed and error. The main goal of this research is to introduce the grey predi...
ABSTRACT Access to groundwater, a major source of direct drinking water in many developing countries, should not be assumed as access to safe drinking water. There is a need to prevent or minimize the contamination of groundwater, especially arising from solid waste disposal. This research work investigated the suitability of using clay and bentonite modified with sawdust as landfill liner materials for minimizing the migration of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ in order to protect the environment and p...
ABSTRACT A Printed Circuit Board (PCB) Mill is a device that etches out a pattern on a copper clad board such that it makes a PCB. PCBs are used everywhere in the field of electrical engineering to connect electrical components to one another. This research presents the design and implementation of low-cost mini PCB commuter numerical control machine based on microcontroller. A stepper motors were used to compile the movement of the three axes coordinates. Moreover, the generated Gerber file...
INTRODUCTION RADIO FUNDAMENTALS. Radio equipment are used for the transfer of information by electromagnetic means. A complete assembly of a radio circuit required to effect the desired transfer of Information is known as a telecommunication system. Common telecommunication systems include telegraphy, telephony, telemetry, television, radio etc. In general, the building block of wireless systems or otherwise include the transmitter, the channel and the receiver, The transmitter converts the...
In this thesis, assessment and upgrading of SCADA system in Petroleum pipelines is proposed, the Pipeline of Petro energy Company (Sudan branch) was considering as a case study to show the advantage of SCADA system in Petroleum pipelines and how can Achieve steady state operation. The Pipeline Control System uses SCADA to provide information to the operator in the control centre. SCADA systems displays the data transmitted from all the sensors on the pipeline and pump stations to the v...
Abstract Roughly 50% of the fruit mass remains as waste after fresh consumption or processing of citrus fruits. The build-up of these wastes typically signifies an economic and environmental nuisance owing to disposal problems. However, studies have shown that biogas can be recovered as a valuable product from citrus wastes due to its high concentration in soluble sugars, making it a suitable source of cellulosic biomass. DLimonene, the major constituent of essential oil present in citrus pe...
This research intents to assess the application of artificial neural network in predicting the kidney failure disease. Kidney failure disease is being observed as a serious challenge to the field of medical with its impact on a mass population of the world. This work explored and analyzed the data generated from 60 kidney patients in many hospitals and hemodialysis centers using data mining technique . This is done by using Artificial Neural Network technique to select the weight, and ...
Abstract Sustainable concrete provides a considerable solution to the increasing cost of conventional concrete production in the world. Though, it is generally described as cheap, however it’s design and cost implications for low income communities needs to be evaluated. Hence, this paper evaluates the production of sustainable concrete and its cost implication in Nigeria. Experimental design of high strength concrete made with steel fibre and bamboo fibre as reinforcement having a targete...
Most variable speed wind turbines have pitch angle control mechanisms and one of their objectives is to extract maximum power from available wind speed. By adjusting pitch angles of wind turbine. In this research the use of pitch angle control for wind turbine equipped with self-exited induction generators (SEIGs) and power electronic converters is presented. To extract the maximum available power from the wind, the wind turbine is controlled using pitch angle control based on power sign...
Vaccines container detector based on gold nanoparticles was synthesized according to plant seeds extract method which is simple, efficient, economic and environmentally In this study two types of seeds were used to produce gold nanoparticles: black seed (Nigella sativa) and fenugreek seed (Trigonella foenum graecum) extracts as reducing agent to reduction of gold precursor of Au+3 (HAuCl ) to Au 0 in the presence of a stabilizer (Gum Arabic) which keeps nanoparticles apart, thus avoid...
ABSTRACT Solar energy applications being developed to assist in limiting the extent of climate change through low-carbon technologies, rely on the natural environment that may be sensitive to changes in the climate, resulting from rising carbon emissions. Climate models are essential to predict the future of solar irradiance fields needed for long range planning of solar energy use. Despite the wide use of numerial models on precipitation and agriculture, their applications on measuring the ...
The standard IEC61850 is the first standard that considers all the communication needs within a substation. The main goal of this standard is to support interoperability of IEDs, to allow IEDs from different manufac turers to operate on the same network sharing information and commands. This thesis discusses challenges for implementing the new communication architecture of IEC61850. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate how an IEC 61850 source code application running at station leve...
The main drawback of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems is the high peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR), which leads to a significant reduction in power efficiency. In this research discusses different PAPR Reduction techniques in OFDM. Techniques like clipping, Selective Mapping (SLM), Partial Transmit Sequence (PTS) based different modulation and different channel. Clipping technique is simple, SLM reduction technique; generation of phase sequence is very random...
It is very important to protect country's borders from intruders who carry out illegal activities such as terror attacks or smuggling of people or their properties. Borders should be monitored to avoid the above-mentioned risks by using border surveillance system which consists of ground surveillance radar and camera to achieve this mission. To perform the monitoring, signals are sent from radar to the microcontroller, according to target location, in order to move the camera to capture...
ABSTRACT This research is focused at designing of water storage facilities of size 875,000 litres (750,000 litres for underground water storage, and 125,000 Litres for elevated steel tank) of treated wastewater and its transmission system for the storage and re-use of treated wastewater. The project is aimed to structurally design water storage facilities and its transmission system from the reservoir to the overhead tank for the re-use of treated wastewater in Covenant University. The desig...