Crop Protection and Environmental Biology Research Papers/Topics

IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON SORGHUM (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) PRODUCTION UNDER VARIOUS MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN HARAMAYA DISTRICT, EASTERN ETHIOPIA

Abstract: Systematic analysis of climate change and variability at local scale is critical to improve planning on agricultural activities and thus reduce vulnerability of the community. Therefore, the present study was aimed to analyze trends of climate variables and assessing its potential effects on sorghum production in the Haramaya District. Historical climate data (1985-2016) were collected from National Meteorological Agency of Ethiopia. Future climate data (2020-2099) were downscaled ...

Suitable models to describe the effect of temperature on conidial germination and mycelial growth of Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana

Abstract: Temperature critically affects the performance of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF). Mathematical models are critical tools used in predictive microbiology but are less adopted for EPF. We selected eight nonlinear models to describe thermal biology; minimum (Tmin), optimal (Topt) and maximum (Tmax) thresholds; and maximal growth (Pmax) of EPF. Conidial germination and mycelial growth of Metarhizium anisopliae (ICIPE 7, ICIPE 20, ICIPE 62, ICIPE 69, ICIPE 78) and Beauveria bassiana (ICIP...

Impact of Storage Practices and Pest on the Quality of Cocoa Beans in Warehouses in Brofoyedru Cocoa District of Ghana

This study assessed the storage practices of five licensed buying companies (LBC) and pests which affected the quality of stored cocoa beans in the study area. The study comprised of field survey using questionnaires. Samples of stored cocoa beans were collected for periods of 0, 2 and 4 weeks of storage. Laboratory experiments were done to check physical quality characteristics using the cut test method, insect damage, purpleness and weight loss. Insects present in b...

Consuming What You Produce: Perception and Consumption Habits of Cocoa-based Products by Cocoa Farmers in the Eastern Region of Ghana

Abstract In recent times, the concerns of the government of Ghana have been on the need to increase the share of locally processed cocoa by 50%. To this end, there has been efforts through campaign by Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD) to whip up interest amongst Ghanaians to cultivate the habit of cocoa consumption to sustain the sector which continues to export huge raw cocoa beans with minimal value addition. The concerns are whether or not cocoa consumption by farmers has the potential to contr...

Impact of illegal small scale mining (Galamsey) on cocoa production in Atiwa district of Ghana

The mining sector is a very important segment of the extractive sector but has one of the most serious and disastrous environmental consequences; conflicting with the livelihood (especially cocoa farmers) and survival of resident communities. This study was conducted in Atiwa district of Ghana to assess farmer’s awareness of small scale illegal mining (Galamsey), its impact on cocoa production and livelihoods in the mining communities. Snowball sampling techniques were used. Data collected ...

Investigation of Vibration Technique to Control Physical Properties of Yam Tubers (Dioscorea rotundata Poir.) During Storage

Abstract Yam  tubers  loss  weight  during  storage  and  prolonged storage  can  reduce  tuber  quality  and  quantity. This study  investigated the application  of  vibration technique  for  the  control  of  physical  properties  of  yam tubers during storage.  Measurements were conducted on  the  physical properties  of  the  tubers:  weight loss,  shrinkage  of  the  middle diameter,  shrinkage  of the  length,  top  and  bottom  diameter,  on ...

Population Dynamics And Management Of Vectors Of Viruses Causing Maize Lethal Necrosis Disease In Bomet County Kenya

Maize production in Kenya is under threat due to infection by maize lethal necrosis disease (MLND). The disease is known to cause intensive complete yield loss. It is caused by a synergistic infection of maize by maize chlorotic mottle virus and sugarcane mosaic virus which are mainly vectored by corn thrips (Frankliniella williamsi, Hood) and corn leaf aphids (Rhopalosiphum maidis, Fitch) respectively. This study was carried out with the aim of investigating the following aspects; farme...

Soil Nematode Communities Under Organic And Conventional Farming Systems In Chuka, Tharaka Nithi County, Kenya

ABSTRACT Plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) are biotic constraints to crop production worldwide resulting in significant yield losses. Management of these nematodes has primarily depended on chemical nematicides; but due to the increased pressure for more economic and environmentally friendly strategies, alternative methods like organic and conventional amendments, have been considered. To test the efficacy of conventional and farmer practice systems against organic farming in the suppression of...

Occurrence Of Plant Parasitic Nematodes In Commercial Pineapple Fields And Effect Of Biocontrol Agents On Meloidogyne Species In Kenya

ABSTRACT Plant-parasitic nematodes, in particular Meloidogyne spp., cause significant yield reduction in commercial pineapple (Ananas comosus) worldwide. In Kenya limited studies have been conducted on nematodes in pineapple although the main commercial producer in Kenya has sole mandate to use Telone II (1, 3-Dichloropropene) indicating the seriousness of the problem. The current study was conducted to provide an update on the occurrence of plant-parasitic nematodes in commercial pineapple f...

Determining Pollinators, Floral Calendar And The Effect Of Pollination Deficit Of Avocado Persea Americana Mill In Kandara, Murang’a County, Kenya

ABSTRACT Avocado Persea americana Mill is an important fruit in Kenya. It is a source of vitamins, oil and income to farmers. However, its optimal production is dependent on insect pollinators. This study was undertaken to determine diversity and abundance of insects visiting avocado flowers, their diurnal visitation counts, the crop floral calendar and the effect of pollination deficit of avocado at Kandara, Murang’a County. The study was carried out in farmers’ fields in upper midland ...

Effects Of Some Cultural Practices And Some Plant Extracts On The Wilt Disease Of Tomato (Lycopersicon Esculentum Mill) Grown In Owerri Metropolis In Imo State, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT The effects of some cultural practices and some plant extracts on wilt disease of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) in Owerri, were studied. The experiments were conducted in 2010, 2011 and 2015 at the Teaching and Research Farm and in the Crop Science and Technology Laboratory of the School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria. The investigation consisted of three (3) different experiments and each repeated two...

Bio-Control Of Cercospora Leaf Spot Disease Of Groundnut (Arachis Hypogeae) Using Extracts Of Moringa Oleifera Lam. And Jatropha Curcas L.

ABSTRACT The study was conducted in the School of Agriculture and Agricultural Technology (SAAT) research farm. The Experiment was laid out in a RCBD form. Extracts from roots and seeds of Moringa oleifera and Jatropha curcas were tested at 10% concentration and sprayed after 2,3 and 4 weeks in three different growing periods of groundnut; 2, 3 and 4 weeks. Some plant extrated were mixed with 3ml of an emulsifier made from castor oil known as RIMULGAN and then separately added to each of the...

REVIEW ON: EFFECT OF INTEGRATED WEED MANAGEMENT PRACTICE ON BREAD WHEAT (Triticum aestivum L.)

Weed infestation is one of the major biotic constraints in wheat production. Wheat is infested withdiverse type of weed flora, as it is grown under diverse agro climatic conditions, different cropping sequence, andtillage and irrigation regimes. For controlling weeds in wheat, growers mostly rely on herbicides due to cost and timeeffectiveness. For control of diverse weed flora in wheat combination of herbicides or as sequential, if not compatibleare required. However, sole dependence on herb...

Field Persistence of S-Metolachlor and Pendimethalin Iin Maize-Based Cropping System and Impact on Earthworm Activities in Ogbomoso, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Application of chemicals on weed has been an effective method of weed control. However, this is with problems of persistence and hazardous effects on non-target organisms like arthropods. Common herbicides used in maize fields in Ogbomoso include atrazine, primextra, Lasso/atrazine, diuron pendimethalin, and S-metolachlor. Information on S-metolachlor and Pendimethalin persistence under field situations is inadequate. Therefore, persistence of S-metolachlor and Pendimethalin in maiz...

Characterization Of Russian Wheat Aphid, Diuraphis Noxia, (Homoptera: Aphididae) Populations In Kenya

ABSTRACT The Russian wheat aphid (RWA) Diuraphis noxia (Kurdjumov) is a serious pest of wheat in Kenya. Development and use of RWA resistant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties, has been constrained by variations in the resident RWA populations and evolution of virulent biotypes. To fully exploit host plant resistance (HPR) in management of RWA, resident populations of RWA were evaluated for biotypes in order to develop and deploy cultivars that exhibit cross biotype resistance. Three exp...


1 - 15 Of 41 Results