Determination and compensation of wages are concepts whose determinants may not necessarily be the same. Different sectors have a stipulated system of pay whereby workers are paid depending on their ranks or job grades, while others use individual characteristics such as education level, sex and work experience. In Kenya, minimum wage determination and fixing form an integral approach of wage setting in the domestic services sector aimed at protecting the domestic workers from exploitati...
ABSTRACT Crude oil is one of the main drivers of economic growth and a key ingredient to sustainable development. It is therefore vital that crude oil products be efficiently and competitively priced in order to accelerate economic growth. Realization of a 10 percent economic growth in Kenya by the year 2030 requires a massive development in the energy sector. Kenya suffers from a shortage of internal energy resources, including oil and as a result, Kenya continues to be in the category of n...
ABSTRACT Maize is a staple food and its adequacy is a measure of food security in Busia County and across Kenya. Despite myriad efforts to increase its yield, the national level has remained low at 1.6 tons/ha relative to world average of 5.5 tons/ha and Busia County experiences much lower yield of 1.2 tons/ha. This low yield in the county coupled by high population growth rate arising from a fertility rate of 6 percent in the county when national level is 4.6 percent and a large population ...
ABSTRACT The prudential regulation's main objective is to mitigate financial instability's threat and macroeconomic costs. In the last decade (2007 to 2018), the banking sector in Kenya has expanded rapidly, making some banks operate within thin capital margins, while others have begun regional operations exposing themselves to cross-border country risks. The country needs to be cautious about risks to the financial system and spillovers of these risks to the economy. The aim of this research...
Access to better health care services is a primary need to every individual in the world and rightfully Kenya. A healthy nation plays a significant position in strengthening growth and development. However, presence of horizontal inequity in utilization of healthcare services hinders these. The project’s main purpose was to estimate the magnitude of horizontal inequity in Kenya and subsequently estimate the variables that affected utilization of health services and give appropriate rec...
ABSTRACT The Kenya government has instituted fiscal decentralization over the years to promote social economic development, reduce poverty and income inequality and ensure balanced regional development. These include: local government system that was inherited from colonial rule and remained relevant until 2013 when it was replaced by county government; District Focus for Rural Development 1983; devolved funds such as Local Authority Transfer Fund 1999; and Constituency Development Fund...
ABSTRACT The exchange rate is an important variable in international trade due to the expectations that trade reacts to its movements and therefore determines a country’s international competitiveness. Prudent management of trade and exchange rate policies have been associated with faster growth in developing countries. In order to orient the economy outwards, Kenya has pursued various measures from 1990s to 2000s. Despite these export oriented efforts, Kenya’s trade has remained skewed ...
ABSTRACT External financing is necessary for many low-income countries to achieve their development objective. External borrowing compliments savings and permits an economy to carry out investment activities. It is expected to provide financing necessary for investment in infrastructure and productive economic activities thus contributing to economic growth and macroeconomic stability. Kenya has depended to a great extent on external borrowing to finance its budget. Data from National Treasu...
ABSTRACT Government expenditure is a key component for guaranteeing a nation assigns and spend budgetary resources to accomplish a robust economic performance. However, the achievement of macroeconomic objectives, from time immemorial, has been a policy priority of every economy whether developed or developing. However, government expenditure still remains an important issue in global debates. The concern is whether or not government expenditure increases the output of different sectors in t...
ABSTRACT Measurement of efficiency levels of transport helps in identifying opportunities that enhance the public transport performance. This will facilitate effective and efficient management of fleets that provide public road transport and planning for interventions incase the sector needs improvement. Public transport sector is a key social facility that aims at improving the welfare of regions inhabitants. Across developing countries provision of efficient, fair and impartial road transp...
ABSTRACT Kenya has been a recipient of Foreign aid since she gained her independence in 1963. The Official foreign aid to Kenya is always issued to the government to fund government spending especially development expenditure. The rapid growth of foreign aid and government expenditure in Kenya however, have elicited concerns among policy makers on their implication on GDP growth. Foreign aid and government expenditure to the Agriculture and Forestry, Education and Health sectors have been inc...
ABSTRACT The topic of the study was; The Short and Long Run Phillips Curve with the Lucas Critique in Kenya. This paper determined the Phillips curve in Kenya both in the short term and long-run. The non- accelerating inflation rate of unemployment was also estimated and the Lucas critique tested to proof whether it is evident in Kenya. This study was necessary in Kenya since the Kenyan rates of inflation and unemployment are both high simultaneously contrary to what Phillips curve theory exp...
ABSTRACT During the recent years, it has been observed that countries compete with each other to attract foreign investment. Countries have gone further than simply removing barriers to inward foreign investment and have taken a more pro active approach towards attracting FDI through the use of fiscal and financial incentives. This has been done owing to the notion that when foreign companies invest in a host country, productivity gains are assumed to accrue to domestic producers from spillov...
ABSTRACT Over the past four decades, Kenya has been experiencing fiscal instability with average fiscal deficit as percent of GDP being greater than 5 percent threshold for developing countries. This, together with poor donors’ relations in the 1980’s, and the substitution of foreign borrowing with internal borrowing has led to continued increase in fiscal dominance. Kenya has been unable to reach the 10 percent economic growth target required for realization of Kenya’s Vision 2030, wi...
ABSTRACT The Kenyan economy is predominantly informal. The informal sector employed 132,100 workers in 1974; and 13,442,200 workers in 2016, which translate to 19 percent and 84 percent of the total work force in the respective time periods. The government has from 1986 put in place policy measures to develop the sector for employment creation, economic growth, and poverty alleviation. Among the country‟s Big Four Agenda as contained in the Medium Term Plan (2018-2022), is the development o...