Background: With the recent increase in the consumption of sachet and bottled water in major cities and towns of Nigeria due to lack of portable drinking water, there is need to investigate the prevalence of possible contaminants in these water that may have toxicological effect on human when consumed.Aim: Quality assessment of sachet and bottled water produced and/or sold in Ibadan, Nigeria was the aim of this study.Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in Ibadan, the Oy...
Table of Contents Certification. ii DEDICATION.. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT. iv Abstract. vi CHAPTER ONE. 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION.. 1 CHAPTER TWO.. 3 2.0 Greenhouse gases. 3 2.1 Contribution of ruminants to greenhouse gas.4 CHAPTER THREE. 5 2.0 PLANT SECONDARY METABOLITES. 5 3.1 Saponin. 6 3.2 TANNINS. 10 3.3 ESSENTIAL OILS. 13 3.4 ORGANOSULPHUR COMPOUNDS. 17 3.5 �...
THE GENETICS OF ABC TRANSPORTER1.0 INTRODUCTIONThe transport of organic and inorganic molecules across cellular membranes is vital to allforms of life, as it allows cells to maintain an off equilibrium condition. In Escherichia coli,for example, ~10% of the entire genome is dedicated to membrane-bound and solubleproteins involved in transport processes (Blattner et al., 1997). On the timescale relevant forcellular metabolism, the lipid bilayer rep...
Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of Ocimum gratissimum and Telfairia occidentalis leaves.Study Design: This study was made to fit a one-way Analysis of Variance.Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in the Department of Premedical Science, Educational Advancement Centre, Ibadan and Pharmaceutical Laboratory of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria between January and June, 2018.Methods: Both plants were purchased fr...
This study is aimed at investigating the potential ofaqueous extract of Moringa oleifera leaf in theprevention of indomethacin-induced ulcer. Toachieve this, thirty adult male rats of body weightbetween 150 and 200g were divided into six groupsof five rats each. Group I was treated with 0.8mg/mlof Omeprazole for seven days. Group II was treatedwith a solution of 0.8 g/ml Moringa oleifera leaf forseven days, while group III received distilled waterfor seven days. This group served as the contr...
Aim: The aim of this study is to compare the phytochemical content and antioxidant potential of Azadirachta indica and Parquetina nigrescens leaves.Study Design: This study was made to fit a one way Analysis of Variance.Place and Duration of Study: This research was carried out in Premedical Science Department, Educational Advancement Centre, Ibadan and Pharmaceutical Laboratory of the University of Ibadan, Nigeria between January and June, 2018.Methodology: Both plants were harvested from t...
The overwhelming increase in the prevalence ofoverweight and obesity in recent years represents oneof the greatest threats to the health of the developedworld and part of the developing world. Amongcurrent treatments, gastrointestinal (GI) surgeryremains the only approach capable of achievingsignificant weight loss results with long-termsustainability. As the obesity prevalence approachesepidemic proportions, the necessity to unravel themechanisms regulating appetite and weight gainhave garne...
Aim: This study is aimed at evaluating the level of potassium bromate in bread in Ogbomoso metropolis.Study Design: This study was made to fit a one way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA).Place and duration of Study: The bread samples were purchased in Ogbomoso metropolis and analyzed in Ibadan, both in Oyo State, Nigeria between July and December, 2018.Methodology: Twenty five loaves of different brands of bread were purchased in Ogbomoso metropolis and transported to Ibadan for analysis. They wer...
Background: In 2003, the National Agency for Food, Drug Administration and Control (NAFDAC),the agency responsible for regulating drugs, foods and chemicals in Nigeria, banned the use ofpotassium bromate in bread on account of its deleterious effect and carcinogenicity in humans.Aim: This study is aimed at investigating the level of compliance to the use of potassium bromatein bread fifteen years after ban.Study Design: This study was made to fit a one way Analysis of Variance.Place and Durat...
This review discusses the implication of sugar intake in haemorrhoid and menstruation.Haemorrhoid is the clustering of veins in the rectum leading to swollen anus. This occurs due topressure exerted on the rectum. When these veins swell, they expand outward into themembranes around the rectal and anal tissue. Most people believed that sugar is the onset ofhaemorrhoid. Haemorrhoid occurs as a result of pressure exerted on the rectum leading to theswelling of the veins in the rectum. Since suga...
This study is aimed at investigating the anti-ulcerogenicand prophylactic efficacy of aqueous extract of Zingiberofficinaleon indomethacin-induced ulcer. To achieve this, thirty adultmale rats of body weight between 150 and 200g were used andwere divided into six groups of five rats each. Group I wastreated with 0.8mg/ml of Omeprazole for seven days. Group IIwas treated with a solution of 0.8 g/ml Zingiberofficinale forseven days, while group III received distilled water for sevendays. This g...
Objective: Materials and This study was aimed to investigate . whether levofloxacin perturb lipid metabolismmethods: 7.14 mg/kg body weight) of levofloxacin was administered intraperitoneally 12 hourly to Therapeutic dose (rats for 5 and 10 days. Twenty-four hours after the last levofloxacin treatment and 7 days after levofloxacin withdrawal(for a group of rats), blood and other tissues (liver, kidney, brain, heart, lung and spleen) were removed from the animalsafter an overnight fast and ana...
Lipids are synthesized, transported, and recognizedby the concerted actions of numerous enzymes,binding proteins, and receptors. A comprehensiveanalysis of lipid molecules, “lipidomics,” in thecontext of genomics and proteomics is crucial tounderstanding cellular physiology and pathology;consequently, lipid biochemistry has become a majorresearch target of the postgenomic revolution andsystems biochemistry. This review is aimed atstudying the mechanisms involved in the regulation oflipids...
Evaluation of the anti-ulcerogenic andprophylactic efficacy of aqueous extract ofCurcuma longa on indomethacin-induced ulcer inalbino rats was the aim of this study. Thirty adultmale rats of body weight between 150 and 200gwere used and were divided into six groups of fiverats each. Group I was treated with 0.8mg/ml ofOmeprazole for seven days. Group II was treatedwith a solution of 0.8 g/ml Curcuma longa forseven days, while group III received distilled waterfor seven days. This group served...
This study evaluated the acute and subacute toxicity effects of Bridelia ferrugelia leaf extract. Observation of the acute group showed that LD50 of the extract is greater than 2000 mg/kg. The subacute investigation was determined by administering 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 600 mg/kg of the methanolic leaf extract to male Wistar rats for 28 days with distilled water as a control. Haematological and biochemical parameters, as well as lipid levels of vital organs, were examined. Toxicological eva...