ABSTRACT Introduction: Mother-to-Child Transmission (MTCT) is the main source of HIV in children. In an attempt to curb this, the UNAIDS in the year 2009 called for the elimination of MTCT of HIV by the year 2015. Ghana began the implementation of PMTCT in the year 2001, using an intervention package made up of four prongs. Study Objectives: This study investigated the factors that affected the implementation of PMTCT of HIV in Tema General Hospital from 2012 – 2016. It also assessed the ...
ABSTRACT Background: Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) is a zoonotic and fatal illness. The fatality rates in outbreaks have ranged from 25% to 90%. An outbreak of EVD hit West Africa in 2014, especially Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone; claiming more than 2000 lives, including 881 health care workers. EVD caused about 378 cases and 192 deaths among healthcare workers in Liberia; Montserrado County was the hardest hit with over 90 cases and about 60 deaths. This research determined risk factors asso...
ABSTRACT General objective: The main objective of the research was to determine the level of knowledge and determinants of Breast Cancer screening among female personnel of the Ghana Armed Forces (GAF). Methodology: Descriptive survey involving the use of questionnaire was used to obtain quantitative data from the respondents. A sample size of two hundred and ninety nine (299) female personnel of the GAF was used for the research using the stratified sampling method. The statistical package...
ABSTRACT Background: Hypertension is a major public health challenge in Ghana and with the prevalence increasing over the years, accurate estimation of the burden of the disease is required for effective prevention and control measures. The GHS in 2012, introduced a web-based database; DHIMS-2, to ensure quality health data however, aspects of this database; the maternal and neonatal data was reported to be good and reliable, yet the EPI data was poor, aside the lack of evidence based resear...
ABSTRACT Treatment compliance among pregnant women with pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH) continues to be a major global health challenge. Maternal and infant mortality and morbidity remain high and PIH is one of the leading causes. However very little has been achieved to bring this condition under control and many mothers and newborns continue to die or suffer many complications. The main objective of this study was to assess treatment compliance among women with PIH in Health Facilities...
ABSTRACT Teenage pregnancy and unsafe abortion is a major problem in Ghana, Sub-Saharan Africa and by extension the world at large. The consequences of teenage pregnancy and unsafe abortion are inimical to the health and well-being of Ghana’s teenage population. It leads to infant and maternal mortality, obstetric fistulas, severe bleeding, and school dropout among others. The study explored the community perspectives on curbing teenage pregnancy and unsafe abortion in East Mamprusi Distri...
ABSTRACT The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) continues to spread in most countries of the world including Kenya. Since HIV/AIDS has no cure yet, behavior change has been fronted as the most likely scientific basis for the reduction in HIV prevalence. The virus is spread mainly by behaviors such as sexual behavior and drug taking that are generally private and sometimes difficult to discuss openly. This study looked at behavior change for the prevention of the spread of the Human Immunodefi...
ABSTRACT Nursing student’s clinical competence including psychomotor skills, attitude, values, and beliefs of professional practicesdependon the quality of clinical instruction given by their preceptors in clinical settings. The main objective was to assess the Tanzanian clinical instructors’ teaching abilities and attitude towards the clinical teaching and guidance of nurse students at clinical areas. It was a cross-sectional study design with quantitative approach. A total of 277 clini...
ABSTRACT Background: The resistance to insecticides among malaria vectors poses a global challenge in the efforts towards malaria elimination. This calls for an addition of larval control methods such as biolarviciding. However, the implementation of biolarviciding in Tanzania has been very low. Therefore, this study explored factors affecting the implementation of biolarviciding in the councils of Southern Tanzania. Methods: A mixed-method, cross-sectional design was used to collect quanti...
Abstract The word "hijama" is derived from "hajm" which means "sucking." cupping is the process of applying cups to various points on the body by removing the air inside the cups to form a vacuum. This study was carried out in Al- Almi for alternative medicine, Al-Rawabih charity organization for Al-Hijamah and Al-Madeina Al-Monwara clinic in Khartoum state; from April to August (2017), to detect the effect of Blood Cupping on Total Cholesterol, High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) a...
Abstract The spleen is the largest haemolymph nodes in the body and large part of the reticuloendothelial tissue of the body is concentrated in it. This is an experimental study designed to determine the application of ultrasound for estimation of splenic weight, length and height of Sudanese adult patients. Fifty adult patients were enrolled in the study; healthy volunteer persons who referred to ultrasound department for abdomen ultrasound were included. Any person with abnormal splenic me...
ABSTRACT Background: Bacterial meningitis, is an inflammation of the meninges affecting the pia, arachnoid, and subarachnoid space that happens in response to bacteria and bacterial products invasion. The incidence of ABM has decreased significantly in developed countries especially after the addition of the Hib and pneumococcal conjugate vaccines to the routine childhood immunization schedule, but in most developing countries little is known on how the introduction of these vaccines has cha...
ABSTRACT Introduction: Urinary tract infection (UTI)is among clinical problems in the neonatal period. Early and prompt diagnosis has important therapeutic implications. Clinical presentations are nonspecific and the severe disease may be fatal. There is scarce information in Tanzania regarding prevalence, aetiologies, antibiotic sensitivity and predictors of UTI among neonates. Objective: This study aimed at determining the prevalence, aetiology, antibiotics sensitivity and predictors of UT...
ABSTRACT Background: Peritonitis is a common surgical condition which can occur either primarily or secondarily to other underlying pathologies including post-operation. Studies show that the major causes of peritonitis are bowels perforations, perforated appendix, volvulus and strangulated bowel. Objective: This study aimed at describing the patterns, and early treatment outcomes of patients with peritonitis at Dodoma Regional Referral Hospital. Methods: This was a prospective cross-section...
ABSTRACT Background: Nursing education refers to formal learning and training in the science of nursing encompassing of both theory and clinical aspects to accelerate the patient’s return to normal health. Clinical training is one among the critical parts in nursing profession that determines the clinical competences among nurse students. Its impact is not limited to grades but also to the extent a student nurse delivers quality and cost-effective clinical services that are appropriately t...