ABSTRACT The increasing use of electric generators in small scale businesses is predicated on the erratic and inadequate power supply in Nigeria. Electric generators produce noise at levels capable of inducing hearing impairment. Hitherto, few studies have assessed the auditory status of generator users in Nigeria. This study was designed to compare the work environment noise levels and auditory status of generator users in two areas where generators are used in Ibadan. A comparative cross ...
Abstract Objective To deterrnine the extent to which ihe cornrnunity-directed approach used in onchocerciasis control inAfrica could effectively and efficiently provide integrated delivery of other health interventions. Methods Athree-year experirnental study was undertaken in 35 health districts frorn 2005 to 2007 inseven research sites inCarneroon, Nigeria and Uganda. Four trial districts and one cornparison district were randornly selected in each site. All districts had established iverrn...
Abstract Introduction: Nigeria’s University College Hospital’s PMTCT centre provides voluntary counselling and testing as part of routine care which was assessed in this paper. Methods: Structured face-to-face interview was carried out at exit on participants from the counselling session. Data analysis was by frequency distribution. Results: All clients were assured of confidentiality, had their HIV/ AIDS knowledge assessed and consent taken before the test, 95.45% of participants had the...
Introduction In the last few decades psychiatric discourse has undergone an important change in its' scope and focus. During the heady days of psychoanalytic hegemony, psychiatrists were willing to prognosticate or pontificate on just about anything, from individual neurosis through to social maladies, from medicine to literature, from the unconscious to the conscious. Nowadays, psychiatry self-consciously emphasizes its origins as 0 medical discipline, focuses its diognostic efforts on opero...
Abstract Background A pilot programme of Cohort Event Monitoring (CEM) was conducted across the six geopolitical zones of Nigeria on patients treated for uncomplicated malaria with artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT). The emergence and spread of malaria parasites resistant to commonly available antimalarial drugs necessitated a shift in policy for malaria treatment by the Federal Government from the use of chloroquine and sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) as first-line treatments to A...
Abstract Background: The epidemic of HIV continues to grow in Nigeria. Personnel in the military are at increased risk of HIV infection. Although HIV-risk related sexual behavior of Nigerian police officers has been studied, little is known about the sexual behavior of their counterparts in the Navy. This study describes knowledge of AIDS, and HIV-risk sexual behavior of naval personnel in Lagos Nigeria. Methods: Four hundred and eighty personnel of the Nigerian Navy completed a 70-item ques...
Abstract Objectives: Our goals were to train health professionals in Nigeria using the text, "Planning and Implementing Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control Programs: A Manual for Managers", and then evaluate the knowledge dissemination process using a pre- and post-test assessment. The manual was developed by the ACCP, WHO, TARC, PATT-T,Engender Health, TI-TPTEGO, and PAT-TO with funding from the Gates Foundation. It is an inclusive guide to implementation and maintenance of screen-and-tre...
ABSTRACT The HIV epidemic in children parallels that among women on account of perinatal transmission. A combination of antiretroviral therapy and elective caesarean section reduces the rate of vertical transmission to
Background Although there is growing literature on the psychological responses to and the psychopathology associated with HIV I AIDS, few investigations have focused on the role of gender. This study compared psychiatric morbidity, coping responses, and disability in male and female outpatients recently diagnosed with HIV I AIDS. Method: One hundred and forty-nine patients (44 male, 105 female) with HIV I AIDS (mean ± standard deviation (SD) months since diagnosis 5.8 ± 4.1) attending an ...
Abstract Malaria and HIV co-infected mothers have an increased risk of poor birth outcome, spontaneous abortion, malaria infection and early progression of HIV to AIDS. This study examines the impact of HIV and malaria on the levels of cytokines in peripheral blood from mothers and their newborns. 149 pregnant mothers and 30 babies born to 63 HIV-infected mothers were engaged in a longitudinal study for 18 months in the endemic area of Saki and Ibadan. Blood samples collected from mothers an...
ABSTRACT The elderly (people aged 65years and above) constitute over 3% of the Nigerian population. The increasing number and vulnerability to numerous geriatric health and social problems associated with this age group make their well-being and Quality Of Life (QOL) an important issue. However, few studies exist on social support and the different aspects of QOL among the elderly in Nigeria. This study was therefore designed to explore the perceived QOL and social support received by the el...
Abstract The role of sexual attitude and sexual risk-behavior in the perception of HIV vulnerability and differences among youths with disability and able-bodied youths was investigated. The cross-sectional survey included purposively selected youths with visual, hearing and physical impairments (n = 181) and able-bodied youths (n = 181 as a comparison group) with a mean age of 23.75 years in public institutions. Data was gathered with the use of a 44-item questionnaire which included a Brai...
INTRODUCTION Human immuno deficiency virus (H.I.V.) and the disease it causes Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) first discovered amongst homosexuals in America in 1981, has spread to become a global disaster, a pandemic and thus a major public health hazard'. By December 2001, the disease prevalence was 5.8% of the population in Niaeria2 o About 40 - 70 per cent of HIV/AIDS patients do have Head and Neck manifestations requiring Otolaryngological consultation.'. Health care workers (H...
Summary Children with Congenital Heart Disease (CHD) presenting for non-cardiac surgery have various physiological and functional abnormalities and thus pose great challenges to the anaesthetist. This one year prospective study was undertaken to determine the incidence of CHD in children presenting for noncardiac surgery, the type of lesions and anaesthetic course. Five patients (1.5%) out of a total of 324 children aged from birth to twelve years who had surgery during the study period were...
Abstract Developmental milestones are generally understood to be milestones of neurological development such as neck control, sitting without support, crawling and standing. Child health care providers routinely use normative data on such milestones to evaluate child development. However, there is often a cultural context to expectations of developmental milestones. The goal of this research is to explore the socio-cultural context of developmental milestones in infancy in a Nigerian commu...