ABSTRACT Based on the ethnomedicinal use and belief that Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (SJ) can increase milk supply in lactating women, experimental studies were carried out to determine the effect of crude methanol extract (CME) and fractions of SJ leaves on serum PRL levels. The pharmacognostic standards, preliminary phytochemical analysis and acute toxicity study were also carried out. The fresh leaves were collected, cleaned, air-dried and pulverized. A photomicroscope was used in the quali...
ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to assess the normal thyroid volume among children in study population by ultrasonography and compare with values from previous works. The research was a prospective cross sectional study. A sample population of children between 2months to 17years was selected. They were volunteers drawn from daycare centres, nursery, primary and post primary schools in Uyo metropolis. Those that met the inclusion criteria were scanned at the school clinics where their h...
ABSTRACT This study focused on safety and health implications of food from food outlets at Nyika growth point. The purpose of the study was to evaluate safety and health hazards associated with food from food outlets. Records of the Bikita Rural District Council indicated that from 2006 to 2014, the number of food outlets increased by more than 100%. Cases of food borne illnesses increased by at least 100% according to the records of the Bikita District Hospital. A cross-sectional survey was ...
Abstract Introduction: Pregnant women living with HIV are at high risk of transmitting HIV to their infants during pregnancy, birth or through breastfeeding and without any interventions, between 20% and 45% of infants may become infected with an estimated risk of 5- 10% during pregnancy, 10-20% during labour and delivery, and 5-20% through breastfeeding. Objective: This study assessed the prevention of mother to child transmission PMTCT programmes in Enugu hospitals. Method: This was a cross...
Abstract The difficulties encountered in out of pocket financing of healthcare have compelled the introduction of pre paid health insurance in many countries, including Nigeria. This is borne 2 out of a universal and equitable healthcare cover as a fundamental human right. This initiative works on pooling of resources. This study assessed the utilization of National Health Insurance Scheme among healthcare providers working at University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla. Descriptive...
ABSTRACT Test anxiety is conceived as the hyper-arousal condition that results in physiological, emotional and intellectual changes that prevent the effective use of the previously learned information while taking an examination. It is composed of “worry” which a cognitive anxiety related with performance and “emotionality” the arousal of autonomic nervous system in evaluative situations (Morris & Liebert 1970 in Ndirangu 2009). Examination performance is the grade point or scores obt...
Abstract Background: iron deficiency is the commonest cause of nutritional anaemia in children worldwide particularly in developing countries. Infants and toddlers are prone to developing iron deficiency anaemia (IDA). This study was carried out to determine the prevalence of IDA and some factors associated with it in this group of children. Study Design: In a study, haemoglobin concentration and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) estimations done in 282 apparently well children aged 6-24 months...
Abstract Hansen´s disease (leprosy) is caused by a slow-growing type of bacteria called Mycobacterium leprae (M. leprae). It is an age-old disease that has been around since biblical times yet cases still occur especially in Asia and Africa, despite concerted global efforts to eradicate the disease. Chemotherapeutic agents are available and effective once administered appropriately and adequately. We report an elusive case of Hansen´s disease wherein the only symptom was a nodule on the na...
ABSTRACT Quality medical care at emergency departments(EDs) is an international mandate. In Kenya the services are mainly offered in the outpatient departments whose quality of care has not been evaluated. This study investigated quality of care at EDs of public hospital in Bungoma County by evaluating availability of infrastructure, equipment, supplies and personnel. The study assessed processes, protocols and outcomes of care at the EDs. A cross-sectional study design was employed, with a s...
ABSTRACT Infant survival refers to a state of continuing to live or exist within the first year of life despite the difficult conditions, such as unhygienic conditions and infant complications. One of the significant indicators of infant survival is a country’s infant mortality rate (IMR). According to UNICEF report of 2016, the global IMR is estimated at 32 per 1000 live births. In Sub-Saharan Africa the IMR is estimated at 58 per 1000 live births, whereas in Ethiopia it’s estimated at 4...
TABLE OF CONTENTS ABSTRACT ......................................................................................................................... ii TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................................... iii LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................ vi LIST OF APPENDICES ..............................................................................
ABSTRACT The current management of HIV and its related opportunistic infections involves use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), however this regimen is characterized by challenges such as toxicity, emergence of drug resistance, mutations, and cost implications because the supply of HAART is donor driven. The quest for alternative medicine has been in progress and crude extracts made from plants obtained from different ecological zones have been explored for their antimicrobial a...
ABSTRACT The growing volume of household solid waste is a concern for public health. The world population in 2016 was 7.3 Million people with a growth rate of 1.14%. This has resulted to increase in consumption rate with a direct effect in the generation of household solid waste. The estimated quantity of Municipal Solid Waste generated worldwide is 1.7–1.9 billion metric tons per year, with 1.2kg/capita/day. In sub-Saharan Africa, generated solid waste is approximately 62 million tons per ...
ABSTRACT Quality is the ability to deliver services that satisfy the consumer’s needs whereas service quality is the ability to meet or exceed customer expectations, providing quality healthcare is an ethical obligation of all healthcare providers and receiving quality care is a right of all patients. Kenya has witnessed general deterioration in health indicators due to rapid population growth, child nutrition problems, poverty, HIV/AIDS, acute respiratory infections, malaria, diarrhea, and...
ABSTRACT Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is still a global challenge, with the bulk of infection in children being in sub-Saharan Africa. Six thousand six hundred and thirteen (6,613) new infections were reported in Kenya in 2015. In Kisumu County, HIV prevalence (19.9%) is 3.4 times higher than the national (5.9%). Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission (PMTCT) coverage in the County is low (60%) with 19.7% children infected in 2015. In 2016, only 3,369 infants were less than 2 months...