ABSTRACT This research presents the agrochemical residues analysis on the study conducted in Weruweru River Sub-catchment, Kilimanjaro region in Tanzania. Agrochemicals have negative consequences on watershed management in the sub-catchment. It compromises water quality and environment, and thus causing threat to human health and aquatic organisms. This study was undertaken to assess the effects of agricultural pesticides and fertilizers and their residue levels in water and sediments sample...
ABSTRACT Underutilized cereals and tubers can contribute to food security and in addition provide nutritional balance in the diet as they form a ready source of essential nutrients yet they have been neglected as the dependence on maize, rice and wheat as main cereals increases. The objective of this study was to assess the consumption of underutilized cereals and tubers in urban households and their contribution towards household food security and dietary diversity. A cross sectional analyti...
ABSTRACT Bacteriuria is commonly found in women and about thirty three percent (33%) of adult women have encountered an incidence of symptomatic cystitis at least once in their life time. In case the uropathogens are unidentified and management undertaken, bacteriuria may cause more dangerous and adversed complications, including nephritis and renal failure. Majority of studies done in Kenya have focused on pregnant women with no documented information available on the sexually active non pr...
ABSTRACT Decline in crop yields in Tharaka-Nithi and Embu counties is linked to poor agricultural practices and climate variability. Research has reported positive results from implementation of mulching, tied ridging, minimum tillage and intercropping. This study was set up to: i) determine effect of soil and water conservation technologies on runoff ii) evaluate effect of the technologies on sediment and nutrient loss iii) investigate effect of the technologies on maize yield, and iv) anal...
ABSTRACT Beans play a significant role in food security owing to its nutritional value and generation of income. However, output of beans in Western Kenya is hindered by diseases, pests, soil infertility and unfavorable weather resulting to low productivity. Of the many diseases of beans, common bacterial blight (CBB) caused by Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) is a disease of economic importance in common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Due to the fact that chemicals have not bee...
ABSTRACT Zoonotic nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) cross infect a wide range of domestic animals, wildlife and man causing various diseases. Despite the public health implications associated with mycobacterial infection and the existing close interaction of pastoralists and camels, information on diagnosis and epidemiology of zoonotic NTM amongst camels and closely associated community members is scanty. The present study was a one-health approach study involving diagnosis and epidemiology o...
ABSTRACT Most of our activities as human beings generate solid waste. As much as the solid waste that is generated may not be harmful in its current state, the methods through which this waste is handled, stored, collected and disposed can pose risks to the local populace as well as the community. The situation is aggravated by the fact that solid waste has no owner, and therefore the provision of quality solid waste management services is left for those who can afford it. The objectives of ...
ABSTRACT Despite high sexual activity among adolescent girls in Kenya, contraceptive uptake is very low with only about 26 percent sexually active adolescent girls currently using a contraceptive method. This exposes them to HIV infections and unplanned pregnancies which consequently lead to school dropouts, unsafe abortions, and lack of employment opportunities. The study aimed at assessing the utilization of contraceptives among secondary school adolescent girls in Karuri Town Council, Kiam...
ABSTRACT Sexual abuse among children has long history in Kenyan schools. Recent evidence however points out on underreported cases of boy child sexual abuse; rise in incidence of reported crimes of sexual nature and sporadic occurrence of such inhumane treatment of children outside and within learning institutions attest to threatened sexual safety and future reproductive health of children. The study aimed at assessing prevalence and risk factors of sexual abuse among boy child in public p...
ABSTRACT Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease caused by trematode worms. The most prevalent species of the worm in Kenya is Schistosoma mansoni. The disease is endemic in parts of Nyanza, Eastern and Coast provinces. Its prevalence in primary school children in Asembo area near Lake Victoria in Rarieda district of Nyanza province is about 17%. Children are more susceptible to infection than adults and thus bear a greater burden of schistosomiasis in terms of morbidity and intensity of infe...
Abstract Immunization is a key approach that can be successfully employed to reduce deaths and illnesses among children. Immunization presently averts an estimated 3 million deaths annually for children aged under five. Kenya Expanded Program on immunization has a stipulated immunization schedule guideline that should be adhered to for effective utilization of immunization services for improved health outcome. The study was prompted by the alarming statistics on morbidities related to vaccin...
ABSTRACT Hazardous wastes are wastes that pose danger both to the public and the environment. Of the total waste generated in health care facilities, approximately 20% is hazardous. These wastes have both immediate and long term health effects including kidney problems, asthma, cancers and other diseases. Hazardous Waste Management (HWM) is a challenge both in the developed world and developing countries where wastes generated are not segregated at the point of generation. Hazardous waste re...
ABSTRACT Urban farming makes a substantial influence on the household economy of the urban poor especially in developing countries. Urban soil the hot spot of urban farming is a natural sink for contaminants especially the potentially toxic trace elements derived mainly from anthropogenic activities. The sources of trace elements include effluents from sewerage drainage system, unprocessed wastewater from neighboring manufacturing industries in addition to farming activities along polluted r...
ABSTRACT Non-communicable diseases are on the rise globally. Hypertension is one of the most common non-communicable diseases. Globally, the prevalence of hypertension among adults was estimated to be 24.1% in men and 20.1% in women in 2015 and the global prevalence of raised cholesterol was found to be 39%. Across WHO regions, Africa was found to have the highest hypertension prevalence at 27%. Blood pressure control among hypertensive patients still continues to be a major challenge. Findi...
ABSTRACT Prostate cancer is an adenocarnoma of significant reproductive health burden in the world. Of the thirteen million cancer cases in the world, prostate cancer accounts for nine hundred thousand cases translating to 13.6% of the total cases and ranks as 5th most common cancer. The mortality rate among black population is 19 per 100,000 while among the Asian populations is 2.5 per 100,000.In Africa, of the six hundred thousand cancer cases reported, prostate cancer accounts for thirty ...